Itle A J, Huzzey J M, Weary D M, von Keyserlingk M A G
Animal Welfare Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, 2357 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Animal Welfare Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, 2357 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
J Dairy Sci. 2015 Jan;98(1):128-34. doi: 10.3168/jds.2014-7932. Epub 2014 Nov 7.
Ketosis is a common disease in dairy cattle, especially in the days after calving, and it is often undiagnosed. The objective of this study was to compare the standing behavior of dairy cows with and without ketosis during the days around calving to determine if changes in this behavior could be useful in the early identification of sick cows. Serum β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) was measured in 184 cows on a commercial dairy farm twice weekly from 2 to 21d after calving. Standing behavior was measured from 7d before calving to 21d after calving using data loggers. Retrospectively, 15 cows with clinical ketosis (3 consecutive BHBA samples >1.2mmol/L and at least one sample of BHBA >2.9mmol/L) were matched with 15 nonketotic cows (BHBA <1.2mmol/L). Five periods were defined for the statistical analyses: wk -1 (d -7 to -1), d 0 (day of calving), wk +1 (d 1 to 7), wk +2 (d 8 to 14), and wk +3 (d 15 to 21). The first signs of clinical ketosis occurred 4.5±2.1d after calving. Total daily standing time was longer for clinically ketotic cows compared with nonketotic cows during wk -1 (14.3±0.6 vs. 12.0±0.7h/d) and on d 0 (17.2±0.9 vs. 12.7±0.9h/d) but did not differ during the other periods. Clinically ketotic cows exhibited fewer standing bouts compared with nonketotic cows on d 0 only (14.6±1.9 vs. 20.9±1.8bouts/d). Average standing bout duration was also longer for clinically ketotic cows on d 0 compared with nonketotic cows [71.3min/bout (CI: 59.3 to 85.5) vs. 35.8min/bout (CI: 29.8 to 42.9)] but was not different during the other periods. Differences in standing behavior in the week before and on the day of calving may be useful for the early detection of clinical ketosis in dairy cows.
酮病是奶牛的一种常见疾病，尤其是在产犊后的几天内，且常常未被诊断出来。本研究的目的是比较产犊前后几天内患酮病和未患酮病的奶牛的站立行为，以确定这种行为变化是否有助于早期识别患病奶牛。在一家商业奶牛场，对184头奶牛在产犊后2至21天每周测量两次血清β-羟基丁酸（BHBA）。使用数据记录器从产犊前7天至产犊后21天测量站立行为。回顾性地，将15头临床酮病奶牛（连续3次BHBA样本>1.2mmol/L且至少有1次BHBA样本>2.9mmol/L）与15头非酮病奶牛（BHBA<1.2mmol/L）进行匹配。为统计分析定义了五个时期：第-1周（第-7天至-1天）、第0天（产犊日）、第+1周（第1天至7天）、第+2周（第8天至14天）和第+3周（第15天至21天）。临床酮病的最初症状出现在产犊后4.5±2.1天。在第-1周（14.3±0.6小时/天对12.0±0.7小时/天）和第0天（17.2±0.9小时/天对12.7±0.9小时/天），临床酮病奶牛的每日总站立时间比非酮病奶牛长，但在其他时期没有差异。仅在第0天，临床酮病奶牛的站立次数比非酮病奶牛少（14.6±1.9次/天对20.9±1.8次/天）。在第0天，临床酮病奶牛的平均站立持续时间也比非酮病奶牛长[71.3分钟/次（置信区间：59.3至85.5）对35.8分钟/次（置信区间：29.8至42.9）]，但在其他时期没有差异。产犊前一周和产犊当天站立行为的差异可能有助于早期检测奶牛的临床酮病。
