Cai Amin, Wang Shiwei, Li Pengtao, Descovich Kris, Fu Tong, Lian Hongxia, Gao Tengyun, Phillips Clive J C
College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
Center for Animal Welfare and Ethics, School of Veterinary Science, Gatton 4343, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Aug 14;14(16):2353. doi: 10.3390/ani14162353.
Providing an exercise paddock may improve the behavior and health of cows in their dry period. We compared a control group of cows in a shed with no exercise paddock and an experimental group in the same shed but with access to an exercise paddock. Both groups had ad libitum total mixed ration (TMR) indoors combined with access to a paddock (Group EX). The other group was just offered TMR indoors (Group IN). Total lying time was longer for cows without the exercise paddock (859 min/d) than for those with the paddock (733 min/d) ( = 0.012). Lying bouts were shorter, there were more allogrooming bouts, and drinking time was longer if an exercise paddock was provided. Cows with the paddock spent on average 76 min/d in paddock activity. Non-esterified fatty acids in the blood were increased by providing the exercise paddock. No significant differences in postpartum milk yield and calf weight of dry cows with or without access to exercise paddock were observed. However, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber digestibility were increased by providing the exercise paddock. The results suggest that providing an exercise paddock for cows in their dry period increased activity, including allogrooming, reduced lying, and improved digestibility of some major nutrients in the feed.
提供一个运动围场可能会改善干奶期奶牛的行为和健康状况。我们将一个没有运动围场的牛舍中的对照组奶牛与同一牛舍但可使用运动围场的实验组奶牛进行了比较。两组奶牛在室内均可自由采食全混合日粮（TMR），并可进入围场（EX组）。另一组仅在室内提供TMR（IN组）。没有运动围场的奶牛总躺卧时间（859分钟/天）比有围场的奶牛（733分钟/天）更长（P = 0.012）。如果提供运动围场，躺卧次数会减少，相互舔毛的次数会增加，饮水时间也会更长。有围场的奶牛平均每天在围场活动76分钟。提供运动围场会使血液中的非酯化脂肪酸增加。在产后牛奶产量和有无运动围场的干奶牛犊牛体重方面未观察到显著差异。然而，提供运动围场会提高粗蛋白和中性洗涤纤维的消化率。结果表明，为干奶期奶牛提供运动围场可增加活动量，包括相互舔毛，减少躺卧时间，并提高饲料中一些主要营养成分的消化率。
