Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy.
Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Clinica Pediatrica De Marchi, Milano, Italy.
J Clin Virol. 2014 Dec;61(4):565-70. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2014.10.012. Epub 2014 Oct 24.
Polyomavirus (PyV) infection is common, ranging from 60% to 100% depending on the virus. The urinary excretion rates of JC virus (JCV) and BK virus (BKV) have been extensively studied, but less is known about the more recently discovered PyVs.
To investigate the urinary excretion of Merkel cell PyV (MCPyV), which is associated with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), in kidney transplant recipients and healthy subjects, as well as those of lymphotropic polyomavirus (LPV), which was isolated from the B-cells of African green monkeys but has also been found in human blood, JCV and BKV.
Urine samples were collected from 62 adult (ATP) and 46 pediatric (PTP) kidney transplant recipients and from 67 adult (AHC) and 40 pediatric (PHC) healthy controls. DNA was isolated and analyzed using real-time PCR (Q-PCR) to determine the viral loads of MCPyV, LPV, JCV and BKV.
MCPyV DNA was more frequently detected (p<0.05) in the PTP (36.9%) and PHC (30.0%) groups compared to JCV (8.7% in PTP, 12.5% in PHC), BKV (6.5% in PTP, 2.5% in PHC), and LPV (2.2% in PTP, 5% in PHC) and in the AHC (47.8%) group compared to BKV (13.4%) and LPV (0%).
Based on the results, it could be concluded that: (a) Despite the rarity of MCC, MCPyV is a common infection; (b) MCPyV demonstrates an excretion pattern similar to those of JCV and BKV, persisting in the kidney and infecting skin cells upon reactivation, with subsequent integration and transformation.
多瘤病毒（PyV）感染很常见，其感染率取决于病毒种类，范围在 60%至 100%之间。JC 病毒（JCV）和 BK 病毒（BKV）的尿排泄率已得到广泛研究，但对于最近发现的 PyV 了解较少。
检测与 Merkel 细胞癌（MCC）相关的 Merkel 细胞多瘤病毒（MCPyV）在肾移植受者和健康受试者中的尿排泄情况，以及从非洲绿猴 B 细胞中分离出但也在人血中发现的淋巴亲嗜性多瘤病毒（LPV）、JCV 和 BKV 的尿排泄情况。
收集了 62 名成年（ATP）和 46 名儿科（PTP）肾移植受者以及 67 名成年（AHC）和 40 名儿科（PHC）健康对照者的尿样。采用实时 PCR（Q-PCR）法分离和分析 DNA，以确定 MCPyV、LPV、JCV 和 BKV 的病毒载量。
与 JCV（PTP 组 8.7%，PHC 组 12.5%）、BKV（PTP 组 6.5%，PHC 组 2.5%）和 LPV（PTP 组 2.2%，PHC 组 5%）相比，PTP（36.9%）和 PHC（30.0%）组中 MCPyV DNA 更频繁地被检测到（p<0.05），与 LPV（2.2%）相比，AHC（47.8%）组中 MCPyV DNA 也更频繁地被检测到（p<0.05），而 AHC 组中 BKV（13.4%）和 LPV（0%）的感染率较低。
根据结果可以得出以下结论：（a）尽管 Merkel 细胞癌罕见，但 MCPyV 是一种常见感染；（b）MCPyV 的排泄模式与 JCV 和 BKV 相似，在肾脏中持续存在，并在重新激活时感染皮肤细胞，随后整合和转化。
