Hubert J, Nesvorná M, Kopecký J, Ságová-Marečková M, Poltronieri P
Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic.
J Appl Microbiol. 2015 Feb;118(2):470-84. doi: 10.1111/jam.12714. Epub 2014 Dec 29.
Carpoglyphus lactis is a stored product mite infesting saccharide-rich stored commodities including dried fruits, wine, beer, milk products, jams and honey. The association with micro-organisms can improve the survival of mites on dried fruits.
The microbial communities associated with C. lactis were studied in specimens originating from the packages of dried apricot, plums and figs and compared to the laboratory strain reared on house dust mite diet (HDMd). Clone libraries of bacterial 16S rRNA gene and fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region were constructed and analysed by operational taxonomic unit (OTU) approach. The 16S rRNA gene libraries differed among the compared diets. The sequences classified to the genera Leuconostoc, Elizabethkingia, Ewingella, Erwinia, Bacillus and Serratia were prevailing in mites sampled from the dried fruits. The ITS library showed smaller differences between the laboratory strain on HDMd and the isolates from dried fruits packages, with the exception of the mite strain from dried plums. The population growth was used as an indirect indicator of fitness and decreased in the order from yeast diet to HDMd and dried fruits.
The treatment and pretreatment of mites by antibiotics did not reveal the presence of antagonistic bacteria which might slow down the C. lactis population growth. The shifts of the microbial community in the gut of C. lactis were induced by the diet changes. The identified yeasts and bacteria are suggested as the main food source of stored product mites on dried fruits.
The study describes the adaptation of C. lactis to feeding on dried fruits including the interaction with micro-organisms. We also identified potentially pathogenic bacteria carried by the mites to dried fruits for human consumption.
乳果螨是一种储粮害虫，会侵染富含糖类的储存商品，包括干果、葡萄酒、啤酒、奶制品、果酱和蜂蜜。与微生物的关联可以提高螨类在干果上的存活率。
对源自杏干、李干和无花果包装中的乳果螨标本所关联的微生物群落进行了研究，并与以屋尘螨饲料（HDMd）饲养的实验室菌株进行了比较。构建了细菌16S rRNA基因和真菌内转录间隔区（ITS）区域的克隆文库，并通过操作分类单元（OTU）方法进行分析。16S rRNA基因文库在不同的比较饲料之间存在差异。在从干果中采集的螨类中，分类为明串珠菌属、伊丽莎白菌属、尤因菌属、欧文氏菌属、芽孢杆菌属和沙雷氏菌属的序列占主导地位。ITS文库显示，以HDMd饲养的实验室菌株与来自干果包装的分离株之间差异较小，但李干中的螨类菌株除外。种群增长被用作适应性的间接指标，其从酵母饲料到HDMd和干果的顺序依次降低。
用抗生素对螨类进行处理和预处理未发现可能减缓乳果螨种群增长的拮抗细菌。饮食变化诱导了乳果螨肠道微生物群落的变化。已鉴定出的酵母和细菌被认为是干果上储粮害虫的主要食物来源。
该研究描述了乳果螨对以干果为食的适应性，包括与微生物的相互作用。我们还鉴定了螨类携带到供人类食用的干果上的潜在致病细菌。
