de Paula Simola Rauno Á, Harms Nico, Raeder Christian, Kellmann Michael, Meyer Tim, Pfeiffer Mark, Ferrauti Alexander
Departments of 1Training and Exercise Science; 2Sport Psychology, Faculty of Sports Science, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; 3School of Human Movement Studies and School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; 4Institute of Sports and Preventive Medicine, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany; and 5Institute of Sports Science, Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
J Strength Cond Res. 2015 May;29(5):1339-48. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000768.
The purpose of the study was to analyze tensiomyography (TMG) sensitivity to changes in muscle force and neuromuscular function of the muscle rectus femoris (RF) using TMG muscle properties after 5 different lower-limb strength training protocols (multiple sets; DS = drop sets; eccentric overload; FW = flywheel; PL = plyometrics). After baseline measurements, 14 male strength trained athletes completed 1 squat training protocol per week over a 5-week period in a randomized controlled order. Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), TMG measurements of maximal radial displacement of the muscle belly (Dm), contraction time between 10 and 90% of Dm (Tc), and mean muscle contraction velocities from the beginning until 10% (V10) and 90% of Dm (V90) were analyzed up to 0.5 (post-train), 24 (post-24), and 48 hours (post-48) after the training interventions. Significant analysis of variance main effects for measurement points were found for all TMG contractile properties and MVIC (p < 0.01). Dm and V10 post-train values were significantly lower after protocols DS and FW compared with protocol PL (p = 0.032 and 0.012, respectively). Dm, V10, and V90 decrements correlated significantly to the decreases in MVIC (r = 0.64-0.67, p ≤ 0.05). Some TMG muscle properties are sensitive to changes in muscle force, and different lower-limb strength training protocols lead to changes in neuromuscular function of RF. In addition, those protocols involving high and eccentric load and a high total time under tension may induce higher changes in TMG muscle properties.
本研究的目的是使用张力肌电图（TMG）肌肉特性，分析在5种不同的下肢力量训练方案（多组训练；DS = 递减组训练；离心超负荷训练；FW = 飞轮训练；PL = 增强式训练）后，股直肌（RF）的TMG对肌肉力量和神经肌肉功能变化的敏感性。在进行基线测量后，14名男性力量训练运动员在5周内按照随机对照顺序每周完成1种深蹲训练方案。分析了最大自主等长收缩（MVIC）、肌肉腹部最大径向位移（Dm）的TMG测量值、Dm的10%至90%之间的收缩时间（Tc）以及从开始到Dm的10%（V10）和90%（V90）的平均肌肉收缩速度，直至训练干预后的0.5小时（训练后）、24小时（24小时后）和48小时（48小时后）。发现所有TMG收缩特性和MVIC在测量点的方差分析主效应均具有显著性（p < 0.01）。与PL方案相比，DS和FW方案训练后的Dm和V10值显著更低（分别为p = 0.032和0.012）。Dm、V10和V90的下降与MVIC的下降显著相关（r = 0.64 - 0.67，p ≤ 0.05）。一些TMG肌肉特性对肌肉力量变化敏感，不同的下肢力量训练方案会导致RF神经肌肉功能的变化。此外，那些涉及高负荷和离心负荷以及高总张力时间的方案可能会引起TMG肌肉特性更高的变化。
