Wan Mohtar Wan Abd Al-Qadr Imad, Hamid Azizah Abdul, Abd-Aziz Suraini, Muhamad Sharifah Kharidah Syed, Saari Nazamid
Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia.
Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia.
J Food Sci Technol. 2014 Dec;51(12):3658-68. doi: 10.1007/s13197-012-0919-1. Epub 2013 Jan 8.
Winged bean [Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.] seed is a potential underexploited source of vegetable protein due to its high protein content. In the present work, undefatted and defatted winged bean seed hydrolysates, designated as UWBSH and DWBSH, respectively were produced separately by four proteolytic enzymes namely Flavourzyme, Alcalase, Bromelain, and Papain using pH-stat method in a batch reactor. Enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out over a period of 0.5 to 5 h. UWBSH and DWBSH produced were tested for their ACE inhibitory activity in relation to the hydrolysis time and degree of hydrolysis (DH). Maximum ACE inhibitory activity, both for UWBSH and DWBSH, were observed during 3 to 5 h of hydrolysis. Both, UWBSH (DH 91.84 %), and DWSBH (DH 18.72 %), produced by Papain at 5 h hydrolysis, exhibited exceptionally high ACE inhibitory activity with IC50 value 0.064 and 0.249 mg mL(-1), respectively. Besides, papain-produced UWBSH and DWBSH were further fractionated into three fractions based on molecular weight (UWBSH-I, <10 kDa; UWBSH-II, <5 kDa; UWBSH-III, <2 kDa) and (DWBSH-I, <10 kDa; DWBSH-II, <5 kDa; DWBSH-III, <2 kDa). UWBSH-III revealed the highest ACE inhibitory activity (IC50 0.003 mg mL(-1)) compared with DWBSH-III (IC50 0.130 mg mL(-1)). The results of the present investigation revealed that winged bean seed hydrolysates can be explored as a potential source of ACE inhibitory peptides suggesting their uses for physiological benefits as well as for other functional food applications.
四棱豆[Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.]种子因其高蛋白含量，是一种潜在的未被充分利用的植物蛋白来源。在本研究中，分别使用风味酶、碱性蛋白酶、菠萝蛋白酶和木瓜蛋白酶这四种蛋白水解酶，通过pH值稳定法在间歇式反应器中分别制备了未脱脂和脱脂四棱豆种子水解物，分别命名为UWBSH和DWBSH。酶促水解进行了0.5至5小时。测试了所制备的UWBSH和DWBSH在水解时间和水解度（DH）方面的ACE抑制活性。UWBSH和DWBSH在水解3至5小时期间均观察到最大的ACE抑制活性。木瓜蛋白酶在5小时水解时产生的UWBSH（DH 91.84%）和DWSBH（DH 18.72%）均表现出极高的ACE抑制活性，IC50值分别为0.064和(0.249)mg mL⁻¹。此外，木瓜蛋白酶产生的UWBSH和DWBSH根据分子量进一步分为三个级分（UWBSH-I，<10 kDa；UWBSH-II，<5 kDa；UWBSH-III，<2 kDa）和（DWBSH-I，<10 kDa；DWBSH-II，<5 kDa；DWBSH-III，<2 kDa）。与DWBSH-III（IC50 0.130 mg mL⁻¹）相比，UWBSH-III显示出最高的ACE抑制活性（IC50 0.003 mg mL⁻¹）。本研究结果表明，四棱豆种子水解物可作为ACE抑制肽的潜在来源进行开发，表明它们可用于生理益处以及其他功能性食品应用。
