小儿肌张力管理

Pediatric tone management.

作者信息

Vadivelu Sathya, Stratton Anne, Pierce Wendy

机构信息

Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, University of California San Diego, 3020 Children's Way MC5096, San Diego, CA 92123, USA.

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA.

出版信息

Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2015 Feb;26(1):69-78. doi: 10.1016/j.pmr.2014.09.008.

DOI:10.1016/j.pmr.2014.09.008

PMID:25479780

Abstract

Tone management is one of the primary roles of a pediatric physiatrist. Hypertonicity frequently inhibits normal movement patterns in children with central nervous system lesions but at times can reinforce muscle group firing and be useful for a child's function. Treatment approaches should be individualized based on functional goals, degree of impairment, interference with care, and type and location of hypertonicity. Treatment plans should be created in collaboration with all individuals caring for the child. There are many causes of hypertonicity as well as many nonsurgical and surgical treatments. Historical and current evidence-based treatments are reviewed.

摘要

肌张力管理是儿科物理治疗师的主要职责之一。高张力常常会抑制中枢神经系统受损儿童的正常运动模式，但有时也会增强肌肉群的放电，并对儿童的功能有益。治疗方法应根据功能目标、损伤程度、对护理的干扰以及高张力的类型和部位进行个体化。治疗计划应与所有照顾该儿童的人员共同制定。高张力有多种原因，也有许多非手术和手术治疗方法。本文对基于历史和当前证据的治疗方法进行了综述。