Atagün M I, Şıkoğlu E M, Can S S, Karakaş-Uğurlu G, Ulusoy-Kaymak S, Çayköylü A, Algın O, Phillips M L, Moore C M, Öngür D
Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Ankara, Turkey; Ankara Atatürk Training and Education Hospital, Psychiatry Clinic, Ankara, Turkey.
Center for Comparative NeuroImaging, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
Schizophr Res. 2015 Feb;161(2-3):202-9. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.11.012. Epub 2014 Dec 3.
Superior temporal cortices include brain regions dedicated to auditory processing and several lines of evidence suggest structural and functional abnormalities in both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder within this brain region. However, possible glutamatergic dysfunction within this region has not been investigated in adult patients.
Thirty patients with schizophrenia (38.67±12.46years of age), 28 euthymic patients with bipolar I disorder (35.32±9.12years of age), and 30 age-, gender- and education-matched healthy controls were enrolled. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy data were acquired using a 3.0T Siemens MAGNETOM TIM Trio MR system and single voxel Point REsolved Spectroscopy Sequence (PRESS) in order to quantify brain metabolites within the left and right Heschl's gyrus and planum temporale of superior temporal cortices.
There were significant abnormalities in glutamate (Glu) (F(2,78)=8.52, p<0.0001), N-acetyl aspartate (tNAA) (F(2,81)=5.73, p=0.005), creatine (tCr) (F(2,83)=5.91, p=0.004) and inositol (Ins) (F(2,82)=8.49, p<0.0001) concentrations in the left superior temporal cortex. In general, metabolite levels were lower for bipolar disorder patients when compared to healthy participants. Moreover, patients with bipolar disorder exhibited significantly lower tCr and Ins concentrations when compared to schizophrenia patients. In addition, we have found significant correlations between the superior temporal cortex metabolites and clinical measures.
As the left auditory cortices are associated with language and speech, left hemisphere specific abnormalities may have clinical significance. Our findings are suggestive of shared glutamatergic abnormalities in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
颞上叶皮质包括专门负责听觉处理的脑区，多项证据表明精神分裂症和双相情感障碍患者该脑区内存在结构和功能异常。然而，尚未在成年患者中研究该区域可能存在的谷氨酸能功能障碍。
招募了30例精神分裂症患者（年龄38.67±12.46岁）、28例处于缓解期的双相I型障碍患者（年龄35.32±9.12岁）以及30名年龄、性别和教育程度相匹配的健康对照者。使用3.0T西门子MAGNETOM TIM Trio磁共振系统和单体素点分辨波谱序列（PRESS）采集质子磁共振波谱数据，以量化颞上叶皮质左右颞横回和颞平面内的脑代谢物。
左侧颞上叶皮质的谷氨酸（Glu）（F(2,78)=8.52，p<0.0001）、N-乙酰天门冬氨酸（tNAA）（F(2,81)=5.73，p=0.005）、肌酸（tCr）（F(2,83)=5.91，p=0.004）和肌醇（Ins）（F(2,82)=8.49，p<0.0001）浓度存在显著异常。总体而言，与健康参与者相比，双相情感障碍患者的代谢物水平较低。此外，与精神分裂症患者相比，双相情感障碍患者的tCr和Ins浓度显著更低。此外，我们发现颞上叶皮质代谢物与临床指标之间存在显著相关性。
由于左侧听觉皮质与语言和言语相关，左半球特定异常可能具有临床意义。我们的研究结果提示精神分裂症和双相情感障碍存在共同的谷氨酸能异常。
