Zhao Xuebing, Chen Mingyan, Wu Zhaolu, Wang Zijiang
Institute of Ecology and Geobotany, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, China.
Zoolog Sci. 2014 Dec;31(12):781-8. doi: 10.2108/zs130237.
Many migratory bird species fly during the night (nocturnal migrants) and have been shown to display some phototaxis to artificial light. During 2006 to 2009, we investigated phototaxis in nocturnal migrants at Jinshan Yakou in Xinping County (N23°56', E101°30'; 2400 m above sea-level), and at the Niaowang Mountain in Funing County (N23°30', E105°35'; 1400 m above sea-level), both in the Yunnan Province of Southwest China. A total of 5069 birds, representing 129 species, were captured by mist-netting and artificial light. The extent of phototaxis effect on bird migration was examined during all four seasons, three phases of the moon, and under two weather conditions (mist and wind). Data were statistically analyzed to determine the extent to which these factors may impact phototaxis of nocturnal migrants. The results point to phototaxis in birds migrating in the spring and autumn, especially in the autumn. Furthermore, migrating birds were more readily attracted to artificial lights during nights with little moonlight, mist, and a headwind. Regardless of the initial orientation in which birds flew, either following the wind or against the wind, birds would always fly against the wind when flying towards the light. This study broadens our understanding of the nocturnal bird migration, potentially resulting in improved bird ringing practices, increased awareness, and better policies regarding bird protection.
许多候鸟物种在夜间飞行（夜行性候鸟），并且已被证明对人造光表现出一定的趋光性。在2006年至2009年期间，我们在中国西南部云南省新平县的金山垭口（北纬23°56'，东经101°30'；海拔2400米）和富宁县的鸟望山（北纬23°30'，东经105°35'；海拔1400米）对夜行性候鸟的趋光性进行了调查。通过雾网和人造光共捕获了代表129个物种的5069只鸟。在四季、月相的三个阶段以及两种天气条件（薄雾和有风）下，研究了趋光性对鸟类迁徙的影响程度。对数据进行了统计分析，以确定这些因素可能影响夜行性候鸟趋光性的程度。结果表明，春季和秋季迁徙的鸟类存在趋光性，尤其是在秋季。此外，在月光少、有薄雾和逆风的夜晚，迁徙的鸟类更容易被人造光吸引。无论鸟类飞行的初始方向是顺风还是逆风，当它们飞向灯光时总是逆风飞行。这项研究拓宽了我们对夜间鸟类迁徙的理解，可能会改进鸟类环志做法、提高人们的认识，并制定更好的鸟类保护政策。
