农药生产厂中工人接触二甲苯的控制
Control of workers' exposure to xylene in a pesticide production factory.
作者信息
Mohammadyan M, Baharfar Y
出版信息
Int J Occup Environ Health. 2015;21(2):121-6. doi: 10.1179/2049396714Y.0000000098. Epub 2014 Dec 8.
BACKGROUND
Acute and chronic exposure to xylene can result in a range of negative health effects. However, xylene is widely used and emitted in the air of workplaces.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate xylene vapor concentrations to guide the design and evaluation of a local exhaust ventilation (LEV) system to reduce exposure in a pesticide production factory.
METHOD
A real time volatile organic compound (VOC) monitor was used to determine the workers' time-weighted average (TWA) exposure. A LEV system was designed, and then, workers' exposure to xylene vapor was evaluated.
RESULTS
We found that worker's exposure to xylene (4·7±5·5 ppm) was lower than the standards recommended by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) and the Occupational safety and health administration (OSHA). Despite the low TWA exposures, the short-term exposures for some workers were higher than STEL levels. Three canopy hoods were designed and installed with capture velocities of 0·508 m second(-1) and duct velocity of 10·16 m second(-1).
CONCLUSION
We found that an exhaust ventilation system had a significantly reduced occupational exposure to xylene vapor.
背景
急性和慢性接触二甲苯会导致一系列负面健康影响。然而，二甲苯在工作场所空气中被广泛使用和排放。
目的
评估二甲苯蒸汽浓度，以指导局部排风通风（LEV）系统的设计和评估，以减少农药生产工厂中的接触。
方法
使用实时挥发性有机化合物（VOC）监测仪来确定工人的时间加权平均（TWA）接触量。设计了一个LEV系统，然后评估工人对二甲苯蒸汽的接触情况。
结果
我们发现工人对二甲苯的接触量（4·7±5·5 ppm）低于美国政府工业卫生学家会议（ACGIH）和职业安全与健康管理局（OSHA）推荐的标准。尽管TWA接触量较低，但一些工人的短期接触量高于短时间接触容许浓度（STEL）水平。设计并安装了三个伞形排风罩，其捕获速度为0·508米/秒，管道速度为10·16米/秒。
结论
我们发现排风通风系统显著降低了职业性二甲苯蒸汽接触量。
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