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Temporal characteristics of melanopsin inputs to the human pupil light reflex.

作者信息

Joyce Daniel S, Feigl Beatrix, Cao Dingcai, Zele Andrew J

机构信息

Visual Science and Medical Retina Laboratories, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.

Visual Science and Medical Retina Laboratories, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Queensland Eye Institute, Brisbane, Australia.

出版信息

Vision Res. 2015 Feb;107:58-66. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2014.12.001. Epub 2014 Dec 10.


DOI:10.1016/j.visres.2014.12.001
PMID:25497360
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4308541/
Abstract

Rods, cones and melanopsin containing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) operate in concert to regulate pupil diameter. The temporal properties of intrinsic ipRGC signalling are distinct to those of rods and cones, including longer latencies and sustained signalling after light offset. We examined whether the melanopsin mediated post-illumination pupil response (PIPR) and pupil constriction were dependent upon the inter-stimulus interval (ISI) between successive light pulses and the temporal frequency of sinusoidal light stimuli. Melanopsin excitation was altered by variation of stimulus wavelength (464 nm and 638 nm lights) and irradiance (11.4 and 15.2 log photons cm(-2) s(-1)). We found that 6s PIPR amplitude was independent of ISI and temporal frequency for all melanopsin excitation levels, indicating complete summation. In contrast to the PIPR, the maximum pupil constriction increased with increasing ISI with high and low melanopsin excitation, but time to minimum diameter was slower with high melanopsin excitation only. This melanopsin response to briefly presented pulses (16 and 100 ms) slows the temporal response of the maximum pupil constriction. We also demonstrate that high melanopsin excitation attenuates the phasic peak-trough pupil amplitude compared to conditions with low melanopsin excitation, indicating an interaction between inner and outer retinal inputs to the pupil light reflex. We infer that outer retina summation is important for rapidly controlling pupil diameter in response to short timescale fluctuations in illumination and may occur at two potential sites, one that is presynaptic to extrinsic photoreceptor input to ipRGCs, or another within the pupil control pathway if ipRGCs have differential temporal tuning to extrinsic and intrinsic signalling.

摘要

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本文引用的文献

[1]
Melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells in retinal disease.

Optom Vis Sci. 2014-8

[2]
Assessing rod, cone, and melanopsin contributions to human pupil flicker responses.

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014-2-4

[3]
Measuring and using light in the melanopsin age.

Trends Neurosci. 2013-11-25

[4]
Melanopsin and rod-cone photoreceptors play different roles in mediating pupillary light responses during exposure to continuous light in humans.

J Neurosci. 2012-10-10

[5]
A retinal ganglion cell that can signal irradiance continuously for 10 hours.

J Neurosci. 2012-8-15

[6]
Circadian and wake-dependent effects on the pupil light reflex in response to narrow-bandwidth light pulses.

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012-7-3

[7]
The post-illumination pupil response of melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells in diabetes.

Acta Ophthalmol. 2011-8-23

[8]
Photoentrainment and pupillary light reflex are mediated by distinct populations of ipRGCs.

Nature. 2011-7-17

[9]
Toward a clinical protocol for assessing rod, cone, and melanopsin contributions to the human pupil response.

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011-8-22

[10]
Intrinsically photosensitive (melanopsin) retinal ganglion cell function in glaucoma.

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011-6-21

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