Lee Jung-Hwan, Seo Sang-Hee, Lee Sang-Bae, Om Ji-Yeon, Kim Kwang-Mahn, Kim Kyoung-Nam
Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea; BK21 PLUS Project, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea.
Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea.
Dent Mater. 2015 Feb;31(2):123-33. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.11.006. Epub 2014 Dec 8.
Dental alloys containing indium (In) have been used in dental restoration for two decades; however, no study has investigated the biological effects of In ions, which may be released in the oral cavity, on human oral keratinocytes. The objective of the present study was to investigate the biological effects of In ions on human oral keratinocyte after confirming their release from a silver-palladium-gold-indium (Ag-Pd-Au-In) dental alloy.
As a corrosion assay, a static immersion tests were performed by detecting the released ions in the corrosion solution from the Ag-Pd-Au-In dental alloy using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. The cytotoxicity and biological effects of In ions were then studied with In compounds in three human oral keratinocyte cell lines: immortalized human oral keratinocyte (IHOK), HSC-2, and SCC-15.
Higher concentrations of In and Cu ions were detected in Ag-Pd-Au-In (P<0.05) than in Ag-Pd-Au, and AgCl deposition occurred on the surface of Ag-Pd-Au-In after a 7-day corrosion test due to its low corrosion resistance. At high concentrations, In ions induced cytotoxicity; however, at low concentrations (∼0.8In(3+)mM), terminal differentiation was observed in human oral keratinocytes. Intracellular ROS was revealed to be a key component of In-induced terminal differentiation.
In ions were released from dental alloys containing In, and high concentrations of In ions resulted in cytotoxicity, whereas low concentrations induced the terminal differentiation of human oral keratinocytes via increased intracellular ROS. Therefore, dental alloys containing In must be biologically evaluated for their safe use.
含铟（In）的牙科合金已用于牙齿修复二十年；然而，尚无研究调查可能在口腔中释放的铟离子对人口腔角质形成细胞的生物学效应。本研究的目的是在确认铟离子从银 - 钯 - 金 - 铟（Ag - Pd - Au - In）牙科合金中释放后，研究其对人口腔角质形成细胞的生物学效应。
作为一种腐蚀试验，通过电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法检测Ag - Pd - Au - In牙科合金在腐蚀溶液中释放的离子，进行静态浸泡试验。然后用铟化合物在三种人口腔角质形成细胞系中研究铟离子的细胞毒性和生物学效应：永生化人口腔角质形成细胞（IHOK）、HSC - 2和SCC - 15。
与Ag - Pd - Au相比，在Ag - Pd - Au - In中检测到更高浓度的铟和铜离子（P<0.05），并且由于其耐腐蚀性低，在7天腐蚀试验后Ag - Pd - Au - In表面发生了氯化银沉积。在高浓度下，铟离子诱导细胞毒性；然而，在低浓度（约0.8In(3+)mM）时，在人口腔角质形成细胞中观察到终末分化。细胞内活性氧被证明是铟诱导终末分化的关键成分。
铟离子从含铟的牙科合金中释放出来，高浓度的铟离子导致细胞毒性，而低浓度则通过增加细胞内活性氧诱导人口腔角质形成细胞的终末分化。因此，含铟的牙科合金必须进行生物学评估以确保其安全使用。
