Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Center Nis, Bul. Dr Zorana Djindjica 48, Nis, 18000, Serbia.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Bul. Dr Zorana Djindjica 81, Nis, 18000, Serbia.
Mol Neurobiol. 2016 Jan;53(1):744-758. doi: 10.1007/s12035-014-9041-x. Epub 2014 Dec 11.
Despite a large amount of research which aims at defining the pathophysiology of human demyelination (i.e., multiple sclerosis), etiological bases of disease have been unknown so far. The point of intersection of all assumed etiological factors, which are mainly based upon immunological cascades, is neuroinflammation. The precise definition of the place and role of all pathogenetic factors in the occurrence and development of the disease is of crucial importance for understanding the clinical nature and for finding more effective therapeutic options. There are few studies whose results give more precise data about the role and the importance of other factors in neuroinflammation, besides immunological ones, with regard to clinical and paraclinical correlates of the disease. The review integrates results found in previously performed studies which have evaluated oxidative stress participation in early and late neuroinflammation. The largest number of studies indicates that the use of antioxidants affects the change of neuroinflammation course under experimental conditions, which is reflected in the reduction of the severity and the total reversibility in clinical presentation of the disease, the faster achieving of remission, and the delayed and slow course of neuroinflammation. Therapies based on the knowledge of redox biology targeting free radical generation hold great promise in modulation of the neuroinflammation and its clinical presentations.
尽管有大量的研究旨在定义人类脱髓鞘的病理生理学（即多发性硬化症），但迄今为止，疾病的病因基础仍不清楚。所有假设的病因因素的交汇点主要基于免疫级联反应，即神经炎症。对于理解疾病的临床性质和寻找更有效的治疗选择，精确定义所有发病因素在疾病发生和发展中的位置和作用至关重要。关于疾病的临床和辅助临床相关性，除了免疫学因素外，很少有研究结果能提供关于其他因素在神经炎症中作用和重要性的更精确数据。该综述整合了之前评估氧化应激参与早期和晚期神经炎症的研究结果。大多数研究表明，抗氧化剂的使用会影响实验条件下神经炎症过程的变化，这反映在疾病临床表型严重程度和总可逆转性的降低、更快达到缓解期，以及神经炎症的延迟和缓慢进程。基于自由基生成的氧化还原生物学知识的治疗方法在神经炎症及其临床表型的调节方面具有巨大的前景。
