Yáñez José M, Houston Ross D, Newman Scott
Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile Santiago, Chile ; Aquainnovo, Puerto Montt Chile.
The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh Midlothian, UK.
Front Genet. 2014 Nov 26;5:415. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00415. eCollection 2014.
Infectious and parasitic diseases generate large economic losses in salmon farming. A feasible and sustainable alternative to prevent disease outbreaks may be represented by genetic improvement for disease resistance. To include disease resistance into the breeding goal, prior knowledge of the levels of genetic variation for these traits is required. Furthermore, the information from the genetic architecture and molecular factors involved in resistance against diseases may be used to accelerate the genetic progress for these traits. In this regard, marker assisted selection and genomic selection are approaches which incorporate molecular information to increase the accuracy when predicting the genetic merit of selection candidates. In this article we review and discuss key aspects related to disease resistance in salmonid species, from both a genetic and genomic perspective, with emphasis in the applicability of disease resistance traits into breeding programs in salmonids.
传染病和寄生虫病给鲑鱼养殖带来了巨大的经济损失。预防疾病爆发的一种可行且可持续的替代方法可能是通过抗病性的遗传改良。为了将抗病性纳入育种目标，需要事先了解这些性状的遗传变异水平。此外，来自抗病性相关的遗传结构和分子因素的信息可用于加速这些性状的遗传进展。在这方面，标记辅助选择和基因组选择是纳入分子信息以提高预测选择候选者遗传价值准确性的方法。在本文中，我们从遗传和基因组角度回顾并讨论了与鲑科鱼类抗病性相关的关键方面，重点是抗病性性状在鲑科鱼类育种计划中的适用性。
