Jiang Chunmiao, Cheng Zaiquan, Zhang Cheng, Yu Tengqiong, Zhong Qiaofang, Shen J Qingxi, Huang Xingqi
College of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650031 P.R. China.
Biotechnology & Genetic Germplasm Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223 P.R. China.
Proteome Sci. 2014 Nov 30;12(1):51. doi: 10.1186/s12953-014-0051-4. eCollection 2014.
The total protein contents of rice seeds are significantly higher in the three wild rice species (Oryza rufipogon Grill., Oryza officinalis Wall. and Oryza meyeriana Baill.) than in the cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.). However, there is still no report regarding a systematic proteomic analysis of seed proteins in the wild rice species. Also, the relationship between the contents of seed total proteins and rice nutritional quality has not been thoroughly investigated.
The total seed protein contents, especially the glutelin contents, of the three wild rice species were higher than those of the two cultivated rice materials. Based on the protein banding patterns of SDS-PAGE, O. rufipogon was similar to the two cultivated rice materials, followed by O. officinalis, while O. meyeriana exhibited notable differences. Interestingly, O. meyeriana had high contents of glutelin and low contents of prolamine, and lacked 26 kDa globulin band and appeared a new 28 kDa protein band. However, for O. officinali a 16 kDa protein band was absent and a row of unique 32 kDa proteins appeared. In addition, we found that 13 kDa prolamine band disappeared while special 14 kDa and 12 kDa protein bands were present in O. officinalis. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) analysis revealed remarkable differences in protein profiles of the wild rice species and the two cultivated rice materials. Also, the numbers of detected protein spots of the three wild rice species were significantly higher than those of two cultivated rice. A total of 35 differential protein spots were found for glutelin acidic subunits, glutelin precursors and glutelin basic subunits in wild rice species. Among those, 18 protein spots were specific and 17 major spots were elevated. Six differential protein spots for glutelin acidic subunits were identified, including a glutelin type-A 2 precursor and five hypothetical proteins.
This was the first report on proteomic analysis of the three wild rice species. Overall results suggest that there were many new types of glutelin subunits and precursor in the three wild rice species. Hence, wild rice species are important genetic resources for improving nutritional quality to rice.
三种野生稻（普通野生稻、药用野生稻和疣粒野生稻）种子的总蛋白含量显著高于栽培稻（亚洲栽培稻）。然而，关于野生稻种子蛋白的系统蛋白质组学分析尚无报道。此外，种子总蛋白含量与水稻营养品质之间的关系也未得到深入研究。
三种野生稻种子的总蛋白含量，尤其是谷蛋白含量，高于两种栽培稻材料。基于SDS-PAGE的蛋白条带模式，普通野生稻与两种栽培稻材料相似，其次是药用野生稻，而疣粒野生稻表现出显著差异。有趣的是，疣粒野生稻谷蛋白含量高，醇溶蛋白含量低，缺乏26 kDa球蛋白条带并出现一条新的28 kDa蛋白条带。然而，药用野生稻缺失16 kDa蛋白条带并出现一排独特的32 kDa蛋白条带。此外，我们发现药用野生稻中13 kDa醇溶蛋白条带消失，同时出现特殊的14 kDa和12 kDa蛋白条带。二维凝胶电泳（2-DE）分析揭示了野生稻种与两种栽培稻材料在蛋白质谱上的显著差异。此外，三种野生稻检测到的蛋白斑点数量显著高于两种栽培稻。在野生稻种中总共发现了35个谷蛋白酸性亚基、谷蛋白前体和谷蛋白碱性亚基的差异蛋白斑点。其中，18个蛋白斑点是特异的，17个主要斑点含量升高。鉴定出6个谷蛋白酸性亚基的差异蛋白斑点，包括一个谷蛋白A 2型前体和5个假定蛋白。
这是关于三种野生稻蛋白质组学分析的首次报道。总体结果表明，三种野生稻中有许多新型的谷蛋白亚基和前体。因此，野生稻种是改善水稻营养品质的重要遗传资源。
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