Pudrovska Tetyana
Department of Sociology & Crime, Law and Justice, The Population Research Institute, 514 Oswald Tower, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802.
Soc Forces. 2013;92(1):1-24. doi: 10.1093/sf/sot082.
Using the 1957-2011 data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study, I integrate the gender relations theory, a life course perspective, and a biosocial stress perspective to explore the effect of women's job authority in 1975 (at age 36) and 1993 (at age 54) on breast cancer incidence up to 2011. Findings indicate that women with the authority to hire, fire, and influence others' pay had a significantly higher risk of a breast cancer diagnosis over the next 30 years compared to housewives and employed women with no job authority. Because job authority conferred the highest risk of breast cancer for women who also spent more hours dealing with people at work in 1975, I suggest that the assertion of job authority by women in the 1970s involved stressful interpersonal experiences, such as social isolation and negative social interactions, that may have increased the risk of breast cancer via prolonged dysregulation of the glucocorticoid system and exposure of breast tissue to the adverse effects of chronically elevated cortisol. This study contributes to sociology by emphasizing gendered biosocial pathways through which women's occupational experiences become embodied and drive forward physiological repercussions.
利用威斯康星纵向研究1957 - 2011年的数据，我整合了性别关系理论、生命历程视角和生物社会压力视角，以探究1975年（36岁时）和1993年（54岁时）女性的工作职权对截至2011年乳腺癌发病率的影响。研究结果表明，与家庭主妇和没有工作职权的职业女性相比，拥有雇佣、解雇和影响他人薪酬职权的女性在未来30年患乳腺癌的风险显著更高。由于工作职权对于在1975年工作中花费更多时间与人打交道的女性而言，会带来最高的乳腺癌风险，我认为20世纪70年代女性工作职权的主张涉及有压力的人际经历，如社会孤立和负面社会互动，这可能通过长期糖皮质激素系统失调以及乳腺组织长期暴露于慢性升高的皮质醇的不利影响而增加患乳腺癌的风险。本研究通过强调性别化的生物社会途径，即女性的职业经历如何具体体现并引发生理反应，为社会学做出了贡献。
