Weir David, Lay Margaret, Langa Kenneth
Survey Research Center, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48104.
J Econ Ageing. 2014 Dec 1;4:114-125. doi: 10.1016/j.jeoa.2014.08.002.
This paper examines cognition measures by age and gender from two types of studies in China and India. It finds that despite some notable differences in samples and measures, a general strong association of cognition in older ages with education emerges as a potential explanation for gender gaps and cohort differences. Female disadvantage in cognition is greater in India, both before and after controlling for education. The process of rural-urban migration draws more cognitively able women to cities in China but not in India. The advent of modern longitudinal studies of aging in these developing countries holds great promise for future work.
本文考察了来自中国和印度的两类研究中按年龄和性别划分的认知测量情况。研究发现，尽管样本和测量方法存在一些显著差异，但老年人认知与教育之间普遍存在的强关联，成为了解释性别差距和队列差异的一个潜在原因。在控制教育因素前后，印度女性在认知方面的劣势都更大。在中国，城乡迁移过程吸引了更多认知能力较强的女性进入城市，而在印度并非如此。这些发展中国家现代老龄化纵向研究的出现，为未来的研究工作带来了巨大希望。
