MacKay Harry, Abizaid Alfonso
Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada.
Mol Metab. 2014 Sep 16;3(9):813-22. doi: 10.1016/j.molmet.2014.09.004. eCollection 2014 Dec.
Embryonic neurogenesis and differentiation in the hypothalamic feeding circuitry is under the control of a variety of diffused morphogens and intrinsic transcription factors, leading to the unique structural and functional characteristics of each nucleus.
The transcriptional regulation of the development of feeding neuroendocrine systems during the period of embryonic neurogenesis and differentiation will be reviewed here, with a special emphasis on genetic and environmental manipulations that yield an adverse metabolic phenotype.
Emerging data suggest that developmental mechanisms can be perturbed not only by genetic manipulation, but also by manipulations to maternal nutrition during the gestational period, leading to long-lasting behavioral, neurobiological, and metabolic consequences. Leptin is neurotrophic in the embryonic brain, and given that it varies in proportion to maternal energy balance, may mediate these effects through an interaction with the mechanisms of hypothalamic development.
下丘脑进食回路中的胚胎神经发生和分化受多种弥散形态发生素和内在转录因子的控制，导致每个核具有独特的结构和功能特征。
本文将综述胚胎神经发生和分化期间进食神经内分泌系统发育的转录调控，特别强调产生不良代谢表型的遗传和环境操作。
新出现的数据表明，发育机制不仅会受到基因操作的干扰，孕期母体营养的改变也会对其产生影响，从而导致长期的行为、神经生物学和代谢后果。瘦素在胚胎脑中具有神经营养作用，鉴于其与母体能量平衡成比例变化，可能通过与下丘脑发育机制的相互作用介导这些影响。
