Sherman Susan M, Lane Emily L
School of Psychology, Keele University, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.
J Cancer Educ. 2015 Dec;30(4):660-3. doi: 10.1007/s13187-014-0770-3.
The objective of this study is to identify levels of risk awareness for breast, lung and cervical cancer, in a UK student population. A sample of male (N=62) and female (N=58) university students, mean age 21.62 years completed a questionnaire identifying which risk factors they knew for each cancer. Analysis of variance was used to compare differences in risk awareness across gender and cancer types. Risk factor awareness was highest for lung cancer (0.78), mid-range for breast cancer (0.61) and lowest for cervical cancer (0.47). Women had greater risk factor awareness (0.67) than males (0.57) across all three cancers. There is also significant belief in mythic risk factors such as stress (from 14 to 40% across the three cancers). Previous research has demonstrated that risk factor awareness increases with educational status, yet even in a university student population, in which the majority of females would have been offered the HPV vaccination, risk factor awareness for cancers is variable. More health education is needed particularly around the risk factors for cervical cancer.
本研究的目的是确定英国学生群体中对乳腺癌、肺癌和宫颈癌的风险意识水平。抽取了62名男性和58名女性大学生作为样本，平均年龄21.62岁，他们完成了一份问卷，问卷内容是让他们指出自己所知道的每种癌症的风险因素。采用方差分析来比较不同性别和癌症类型之间的风险意识差异。肺癌的风险因素知晓率最高（0.78），乳腺癌处于中等水平（0.61），宫颈癌最低（0.47）。在所有三种癌症中，女性的风险因素知晓率（0.67）高于男性（0.57）。对于诸如压力等虚构的风险因素也存在显著的认知（在三种癌症中，这一比例从14%到40%不等）。先前的研究表明，风险因素知晓率会随着教育程度的提高而增加，然而，即使在大学生群体中，其中大多数女性都接种了人乳头瘤病毒疫苗，对癌症风险因素的知晓率仍存在差异。尤其需要针对宫颈癌的风险因素开展更多的健康教育。
