Silverman Michael J
School of Music, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
J Addict Nurs. 2014 Oct-Dec;25(4):172-81. doi: 10.1097/JAN.0000000000000047.
Self-efficacy is a component of Bandura's social cognitive theory and can lead to abstinence and a reduction of relapse potential for people who have substance abuse disorders. To date, no music therapy researcher has utilized this theoretical model to address abstinence and reduce the likelihood of relapse in people who have addictions. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of music therapy on drug avoidance self-efficacy in a randomized three-group wait-list control design with patients on a detoxification unit. Participants (N = 131) were cluster randomized to one of three single-session conditions: music therapy, verbal therapy, or wait-list control. Music therapy participants received a group lyric analysis intervention, verbal therapy participants received a group talk therapy session, and wait-list control participants eventually received a group recreational music therapy intervention. Although there was no significant between-group difference in drug avoidance self-efficacy, participants in the music therapy condition tended to have the highest mean drug avoidance self-efficacy scores. Posttest written comments supported the use of both music therapy and verbal therapy sessions. Two music therapy participants specifically noted that their initial skepticism had dissipated after receiving music therapy. Despite a lack of significant differences, the theoretical support of self-efficacy for substance abuse rehabilitation suggests that this may be an area of continued clinical focus and empirical investigation. Clinical anecdotes, limitations of the study, and suggestions for future research are provided.
自我效能感是班杜拉社会认知理论的一个组成部分，对于患有物质使用障碍的人来说，它可以导致节制并降低复发可能性。迄今为止，尚无音乐治疗研究人员利用这一理论模型来解决节制问题并降低成瘾者的复发可能性。本研究的目的是在一个随机三组等待列表对照设计中，确定音乐治疗对戒毒所患者药物回避自我效能感的影响。参与者（N = 131）被整群随机分配到三个单节次条件之一：音乐治疗、言语治疗或等待列表对照。音乐治疗组的参与者接受了一次集体歌词分析干预，言语治疗组的参与者接受了一次集体谈话治疗，等待列表对照组的参与者最终接受了一次集体娱乐音乐治疗干预。虽然在药物回避自我效能感方面组间没有显著差异，但音乐治疗组的参与者平均药物回避自我效能感得分往往最高。测试后的书面评论支持音乐治疗和言语治疗课程的使用。两名音乐治疗参与者特别指出，他们在接受音乐治疗后最初的怀疑已经消除。尽管没有显著差异，但自我效能感对物质滥用康复的理论支持表明，这可能是一个持续临床关注和实证研究的领域。文中提供了临床轶事、研究局限性以及对未来研究的建议。
