Avin Keith G, Bloomfield Susan A, Gross Ted S, Warden Stuart J
Center for Translational Musculoskeletal Research and Department of Physical Therapy, School of the Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Indiana University, 1140 W. Michigan St., CF-120, Indianapolis, IN, USA,
Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2015 Feb;13(1):1-8. doi: 10.1007/s11914-014-0244-x.
There is growing interest in the interaction between skeletal muscle and bone, particularly at the genetic and molecular levels. However, the genetic and molecular linkages between muscle and bone are achieved only within the context of the essential mechanical coupling of the tissues. This biomechanical and physiological linkage is readily evident as muscles attach to bone and induce exposure to varied mechanical stimuli via functional activity. The responsiveness of bone cells to mechanical stimuli, or their absence, is well established. However, questions remain regarding how muscle forces applied to bone serve to modulate bone homeostasis and adaptation. Similarly, the contributions of varied, but unique, stimuli generated by muscle to bone (such as low-magnitude, high-frequency stimuli) remains to be established. The current article focuses upon the mechanical relationship between muscle and bone. In doing so, we explore the stimuli that muscle imparts upon bone, models that enable investigation of this relationship, and recent data generated by these models.
骨骼肌与骨骼之间的相互作用，尤其是在基因和分子水平上的相互作用，正日益受到关注。然而，肌肉与骨骼之间的基因和分子联系只有在组织基本的机械耦合的背景下才能实现。这种生物力学和生理联系在肌肉附着于骨骼并通过功能活动诱导暴露于各种机械刺激时很容易显现出来。骨细胞对机械刺激或缺乏机械刺激的反应性已得到充分证实。然而，关于施加于骨骼的肌肉力量如何调节骨稳态和适应性仍存在问题。同样，肌肉产生的各种独特刺激（如低强度、高频刺激）对骨骼的贡献仍有待确定。本文重点关注肌肉与骨骼之间的力学关系。在此过程中，我们探讨了肌肉施加于骨骼的刺激、能够研究这种关系的模型以及这些模型产生的最新数据。
