Spada Julio Cesar Pereira, Silva Diogo Tiago da, Martins Kennya Rozy Real, Rodas Lílian Aparecida Colebrusco, Alves Maria Luana, Faria Glaucia Amorim, Buzutti Marcelo Costa, Silva Hélio Ricardo, Starke-Buzetti Wilma Aparecida
Departamento de Biologia e Zootecnia, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Ilha Solteira, SP, Brasil.
Médica Veterinária autônoma, Araçatuba, SP, Brasil.
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet. 2014 Oct-Dec;23(4):456-62. doi: 10.1590/S1984-29612014087. Epub 2014 Dec 1.
This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of Lutzomyia longipalpis and also the canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) in a rural area of Ilha Solteira, state of São Paulo. Blood samples were collected from 32 dogs from different rural properties (small farms) and were analyzed by ELISA and the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) in order to diagnose CVL. From these serological tests, 31.25% of the dogs were positive for CVL and these were distributed in 66.7% (8/12) of the rural properties, which were positive for L. longipalpis. CDC (Center for Disease Control and Prevention) light traps were installed in 12 properties (one per property) and insects were caught on three consecutive days per month for one year. L. longipalpis was present on 100% of the rural properties visited, at least once during the twelve-month interval, totaling 64 males and 25 females. The insects were more numerous after the peak of the rain, but the association between prevalence of peridomestic vectors and the climatic data (precipitation, relative air humidity and temperature) and the occurrences of CVL among dogs on each rural property were not statistical significant (p <0.05). However, the occurrence of CVL cases in dogs and the presence of L. longipalpis indicate that more attention is necessairy for the control of this disease in the rural area studied.
本研究旨在调查圣保罗州伊尔哈索尔泰拉农村地区长须罗蛉的出现情况以及犬内脏利什曼病（CVL）。从32只来自不同农村地产（小农场）的狗身上采集血样，通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和间接免疫荧光抗体试验（IFAT）进行分析，以诊断CVL。从这些血清学检测中，31.25%的狗CVL呈阳性，这些狗分布在66.7%（8/12）的农村地产中，这些地产长须罗蛉呈阳性。在12个地产（每个地产一个）安装了美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）诱虫灯，每月连续三天捕虫，持续一年。在所走访的农村地产中，100%都出现过长须罗蛉，在十二个月的间隔期内至少出现过一次，共捕获64只雄虫和25只雌虫。雨后昆虫数量更多，但家栖病媒的患病率与气候数据（降水量、相对空气湿度和温度）以及每个农村地产中犬类CVL的发生情况之间的关联无统计学意义（p<0.05）。然而，犬类中CVL病例的出现以及长须罗蛉的存在表明，在所研究的农村地区，对这种疾病的控制需要更多关注。
