Oliveira Amanda Codeço de, Figueiredo Fabiano Borges, Silva Valmir Laurentino, Santos Fernanda Nunes, Souza Marcos Barbosa de, Madeira Maria de Fátima, Abrantes Tuanne Rotti, Périssé André Reynaldo Santos
Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, BR,
IPEC, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, BR,
Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2015 Jul-Aug;57(4):325-32. doi: 10.1590/S0036-46652015000400009.
American visceral leishmaniasis is a vector-borne zoonosis in expansion in Brazil. Dogs are the main urban reservoir. Departing from a case of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) in Jacaré, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro State, an epidemiological canine and entomological study was performed to assess the extension of the disease at the location. Sample was collected around the case and the dogs identified by serological tests (rapid double platform immunochromatographic exams, immunoenzymatic assay/ELISA, indirect immunofluorescence/IFAT). The parasitological diagnosis was performed in animals positive in at least one of these tests. The entomological study was carried out by using light traps and manual collection. The associations between canine variables and outcome (ELISA and IFAT reagents) were assessed by the chi-square test and adjusted by multivariate logistic regression for those associations with p < 0.1 in the bivariate analysis. Seventeen cases of CVL were detected among 110 evaluated dogs (prevalence of 15.5%). Presence of ectoparasites (OR 6.5; 95% CI 1.1-37.4), animals with clinical signs (OR 9.5; 95% CI 1.2-76.6), and previous cases of CVL in the same house (OR 17.9; 95% CI 2.2-147.1) were associated with the outcome. Lutzomyia longipalpis was not detected. Our results are indicative of an ongoing transmission in the area.
美洲内脏利什曼病是一种在巴西呈扩散趋势的媒介传播人畜共患病。犬类是主要的城市宿主。以里约热内卢州尼泰罗伊市雅卡雷发生的一例犬内脏利什曼病（CVL）为起点，开展了一项犬类流行病学和昆虫学研究，以评估该疾病在当地的蔓延情况。在病例周围采集样本，并通过血清学检测（快速双平台免疫层析检测、免疫酶测定/酶联免疫吸附测定、间接免疫荧光法/间接荧光抗体试验）对犬类进行识别。对至少一项此类检测呈阳性的动物进行寄生虫学诊断。通过使用诱虫灯和人工采集开展昆虫学研究。采用卡方检验评估犬类变量与结果（酶联免疫吸附测定和间接荧光抗体试验试剂）之间的关联，并对双变量分析中p<0.1的那些关联通过多变量逻辑回归进行校正。在110只接受评估的犬类中检测到17例犬内脏利什曼病（患病率为15.5%）。体表寄生虫的存在（比值比6.5；9 5%置信区间1.1 - 37.4）、有临床症状的动物（比值比9.5；95%置信区间1.2 - 76.6）以及同一房屋内先前有犬内脏利什曼病病例（比值比17.9；95%置信区间2.2 - 147.1）与结果相关。未检测到长须罗蛉。我们的结果表明该地区存在持续传播。
