Flores-Maltos Dulce A, Mussatto Solange I, Contreras-Esquivel Juan C, Rodríguez-Herrera Raúl, Teixeira José A, Aguilar Cristóbal N
a Department of Food Science and Technology , School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila , Saltillo , Coahuila , México and.
b Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (IBB), Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho , Braga , Portugal.
Crit Rev Biotechnol. 2016;36(2):259-67. doi: 10.3109/07388551.2014.953443. Epub 2014 Dec 18.
Currently, prebiotics are all carbohydrates of relatively short chain length. One important group is the fructooligosaccharides (FOS), a special kind of prebiotic associated to the selective stimulation of the activity of certain groups of colonic bacteria. They have a positive and beneficial effect on intestinal microbiota, reducing the incidence of gastrointestinal infections and also possessing a recognized bifidogenic effect. Traditionally, these prebiotic compounds have been obtained through extraction processes from some plants, as well as through enzymatic hydrolysis of sucrose. However, different fermentative methods have also been proposed for the production of FOS, such as solid-state fermentations utilizing various agro-industrial by-products. By optimizing the culture parameters, FOS yields and productivity can be improved. The use of immobilized enzymes and cells has also been proposed as being an effective and economic method for large-scale production of FOS. This article is an overview of the results considering recent studies on FOS biosynthesis, physicochemical properties, sources, biotechnological production and applications.
目前，益生元均为链长相对较短的碳水化合物。其中一个重要的类别是低聚果糖（FOS），这是一种特殊的益生元，与选择性刺激某些结肠菌群的活性有关。它们对肠道微生物群具有积极有益的作用，可降低胃肠道感染的发生率，还具有公认的双歧杆菌生成效应。传统上，这些益生元化合物是通过从某些植物中提取以及对蔗糖进行酶水解来获得的。然而，也有人提出了不同的发酵方法来生产FOS，例如利用各种农业工业副产品进行固态发酵。通过优化培养参数，可以提高FOS的产量和生产率。使用固定化酶和细胞也被认为是大规模生产FOS的一种有效且经济的方法。本文概述了近期有关FOS生物合成、理化性质、来源、生物技术生产及应用的研究成果。
