Baranowski Marcin, Błachnio-Zabielska Agnieszka U, Charmas Małgorzata, Helge Jørn W, Dela Flemming, Książek Monika, Długołęcka Barbara, Klusiewicz Andrzej, Chabowski Adrian, Górski Jan
Department of Physiology, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222, Białystok, Poland,
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2015 May;115(5):993-1003. doi: 10.1007/s00421-014-3080-x. Epub 2014 Dec 18.
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) regulates cardiovascular function and plays an important role in muscle biology. We have previously reported that cycling exercise increased plasma S1P. Here, we investigated the effect of exercise duration and intensity on plasma and skeletal muscle S1P levels.
In the first experiment, 13 male athletes performed a 60-min exercise at 65 % of VO2max and a graded exercise until exhaustion on a rowing ergometer. Samples of the venous blood were taken, and plasma, erythrocytes and platelets were isolated. In the second experiment, ten male moderately active subjects performed three consecutive periods of one-leg knee extension exercise (at 25, 55 and 85 % of the maximal workload). Muscle biopsies and blood samples from the radial artery and femoral veins were taken.
Under basal conditions, S1P was released from the leg, as its concentration was lower in the arterial than in the venous plasma (p < 0.01). Exercise until exhaustion increased plasma S1P and sphinganine-1-phosphate (SA1P) concentration (p < 0.05), whereas moderate-intensity exercise elevated only SA1P (p < 0.001). Although knee extension increased muscle S1P content (p < 0.05), it was not released but taken up across the leg during exercise. However, sphingosine was released from both working and resting leg at the highest workload (p < 0.05).
Plasma S1P concentration is elevated only by high-intensity exercise which results, at least in part, from increased availability of sphingosine released by skeletal muscle. In addition, exercise markedly affects S1P dynamics across the leg. We speculate that S1P may play an important role in adaptation of skeletal muscle to exercise.
鞘氨醇-1-磷酸（S1P）调节心血管功能，并在肌肉生物学中发挥重要作用。我们之前曾报道，骑自行车运动可提高血浆S1P水平。在此，我们研究了运动持续时间和强度对血浆及骨骼肌S1P水平的影响。
在第一个实验中，13名男性运动员在划船测力计上以最大摄氧量的65%进行60分钟运动，并进行递增运动直至力竭。采集静脉血样本，分离血浆、红细胞和血小板。在第二个实验中，10名男性中度活跃受试者进行连续三个阶段的单腿膝关节伸展运动（分别为最大负荷的25%、55%和85%）。采集肌肉活检样本以及桡动脉和股静脉的血样。
在基础条件下，S1P从腿部释放，因为其在动脉血浆中的浓度低于静脉血浆（p < 0.01）。运动至力竭会增加血浆S1P和鞘氨醇-1-磷酸（SA1P）浓度（p < 0.05），而中等强度运动仅使SA1P升高（p < 0.001）。尽管膝关节伸展增加了肌肉S1P含量（p < 0.05），但在运动过程中它并未释放，而是被腿部摄取。然而，在最高负荷时，鞘氨醇从运动腿和静止腿均有释放（p < 0.05）。
血浆S1P浓度仅在高强度运动时升高，这至少部分是由于骨骼肌释放的鞘氨醇可用性增加所致。此外，运动显著影响腿部的S1P动态变化。我们推测S1P可能在骨骼肌对运动的适应性中发挥重要作用。
