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微生物群落组成解释了沿安第斯山脉到亚马逊地区海拔梯度土壤呼吸对不断变化的碳输入的响应。

Microbial community composition explains soil respiration responses to changing carbon inputs along an Andes-to-Amazon elevation gradient.

作者信息

Whitaker Jeanette, Ostle Nicholas, Nottingham Andrew T, Ccahuana Adan, Salinas Norma, Bardgett Richard D, Meir Patrick, McNamara Niall P, Austin Amy

机构信息

Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre Library Avenue, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, UK.

Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK.

出版信息

J Ecol. 2014 Jul;102(4):1058-1071. doi: 10.1111/1365-2745.12247. Epub 2014 May 19.

Abstract
  1. The Andes are predicted to warm by 3-5 °C this century with the potential to alter the processes regulating carbon (C) cycling in these tropical forest soils. This rapid warming is expected to stimulate soil microbial respiration and change plant species distributions, thereby affecting the quantity and quality of C inputs to the soil and influencing the quantity of soil-derived CO released to the atmosphere. 2. We studied tropical lowland, premontane and montane forest soils taken from along a 3200-m elevation gradient located in south-east Andean Peru. We determined how soil microbial communities and abiotic soil properties differed with elevation. We then examined how these differences in microbial composition and soil abiotic properties affected soil C-cycling processes, by amending soils with C substrates varying in complexity and measuring soil heterotrophic respiration (R). 3. Our results show that there were consistent patterns of change in soil biotic and abiotic properties with elevation. Microbial biomass and the abundance of fungi relative to bacteria increased significantly with elevation, and these differences in microbial community composition were strongly correlated with greater soil C content and C:N (nitrogen) ratios. We also found that R increased with added C substrate quality and quantity and was positively related to microbial biomass and fungal abundance. 4. Statistical modelling revealed that R responses to changing C inputs were best predicted by soil pH and microbial community composition, with the abundance of fungi relative to bacteria, and abundance of gram-positive relative to gram-negative bacteria explaining much of the model variance. 5. . Our results show that the relative abundance of microbial functional groups is an important determinant of R responses to changing C inputs along an extensive tropical elevation gradient in Andean Peru. Although we do not make an experimental test of the effects of climate change on soil, these results challenge the assumption that different soil microbial communities will be 'functionally equivalent' as climate change progresses, and they emphasize the need for better ecological metrics of soil microbial communities to help predict C cycle responses to climate change in tropical biomes.
摘要
  1. 预计安第斯山脉在本世纪将升温3 - 5摄氏度,这有可能改变调节这些热带森林土壤中碳(C)循环的过程。这种快速升温预计会刺激土壤微生物呼吸作用并改变植物物种分布,从而影响进入土壤的碳输入的数量和质量,并影响释放到大气中的土壤源二氧化碳的数量。2. 我们研究了取自秘鲁东南部安第斯山脉海拔3200米梯度沿线的热带低地、山前和山地森林土壤。我们确定了土壤微生物群落和非生物土壤性质如何随海拔而变化。然后,我们通过用复杂度不同的碳底物改良土壤并测量土壤异养呼吸(R),研究了微生物组成和土壤非生物性质的这些差异如何影响土壤碳循环过程。3. 我们的结果表明,土壤生物和非生物性质随海拔存在一致的变化模式。微生物生物量以及真菌相对于细菌的丰度随海拔显著增加,并且这些微生物群落组成的差异与更高的土壤碳含量和碳氮比密切相关。我们还发现,R随添加的碳底物质量和数量增加而增加,并且与微生物生物量和真菌丰度呈正相关。4. 统计模型显示,土壤pH值和微生物群落组成能最好地预测R对碳输入变化的响应,真菌相对于细菌的丰度以及革兰氏阳性菌相对于革兰氏阴性菌的丰度解释了模型的大部分方差。5. 我们的结果表明,在秘鲁安第斯山脉广泛的热带海拔梯度上,微生物功能组的相对丰度是R对变化的碳输入响应的重要决定因素。尽管我们没有对气候变化对土壤的影响进行实验测试,但这些结果挑战了随着气候变化进展不同土壤微生物群落将“功能等效”的假设,并且它们强调需要更好的土壤微生物群落生态指标来帮助预测热带生物群落中碳循环对气候变化的响应。
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d77b/4263258/6d069223bb64/jec0102-1058-f1.jpg

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