Rudebeck Peter H, Murray Elisabeth A
Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10014, USA.
Section on the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, Building 49, Suite 1B80, 49 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Neuron. 2014 Dec 17;84(6):1143-56. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2014.10.049.
The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) has long been associated with the flexible control of behavior and concepts such as behavioral inhibition, self-control, and emotional regulation. These ideas emphasize the suppression of behaviors and emotions, but OFC's affirmative functions have remained enigmatic. Here we review recent work that has advanced our understanding of this prefrontal area and how its functions are shaped through interaction with subcortical structures such as the amygdala. Recent findings have overturned theories emphasizing behavioral inhibition as OFC's fundamental function. Instead, new findings indicate that OFC provides predictions about specific outcomes associated with stimuli, choices, and actions, especially their moment-to-moment value based on current internal states. OFC function thereby encompasses a broad representation or model of an individual's sensory milieu and potential actions, along with their relationship to likely behavioral outcomes.
眶额叶皮质（OFC）长期以来一直与行为的灵活控制以及诸如行为抑制、自我控制和情绪调节等概念相关联。这些观点强调对行为和情绪的抑制，但眶额叶皮质的积极功能仍然是个谜。在这里，我们回顾了最近的研究工作，这些工作增进了我们对这个前额叶区域的理解，以及它的功能是如何通过与杏仁核等皮质下结构的相互作用而形成的。最近的研究结果推翻了强调行为抑制是眶额叶皮质基本功能的理论。相反，新的研究结果表明，眶额叶皮质对与刺激、选择和行动相关的特定结果进行预测，特别是基于当前内部状态的即时价值。因此，眶额叶皮质的功能包括对个体的感觉环境和潜在行动的广泛表征或模型，以及它们与可能的行为结果的关系。
