Navarro-Flores Emmanuel, Morales-Asencio José Miguel, Cervera-Marín José Antonio, Labajos-Manzanares María Teresa, Gijon-Nogueron Gabriel
Department of Nursing and Podiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malaga, C/Arquitecto Francisco Peñalosa, Ampliación del Campus de Teatinos, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malaga, C/Arquitecto Francisco Peñalosa, Ampliación del Campus de Teatinos, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
J Tissue Viability. 2015 Feb;24(1):24-34. doi: 10.1016/j.jtv.2014.11.001. Epub 2014 Nov 27.
This paper assessed the reliability and construct validity of a tool to evaluate the foot self-care of diabetic patients. The education of diabetic patients about their foot care is a major issue to avoid complications like amputations and ulcers. Specific tools aimed to assess patient's knowledge in this area are needed. The study had two phases: in Phase 1, item-generation was carried out through a literature review, expert review by a Delphi technique and cognitive interviews with diabetic patients for testing readability and comprehension. In Phase 2, diabetic patients participated in a cross-sectional study for a psychometric evaluation (reliability and construct validity) was carried out on a sample of type I and II diabetic patients. The study was conducted at the University of Malaga (Spain), podiatric clinics and a Diabetic Foot Unit between October 2012 and March 2013. After psychometric-test analyses on a sample of 209 diabetic patients, the questionnaire resulted in 16 questions. Cronbach's alpha was 0.89 after removing 4 items because of their low reliability. Inter-item correlations gave a mean value of 0.34 (range: 0.06-0.74). The rotated solution showed a 3-factor structure (self-care, foot care, and footwear and socks) that jointly accounted for 60.88% of the variance observed. The correlation between the questionnaire scores and HbA1c was significant and inverse, (r = -0.15; p < 0.01). The findings show that the questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for evaluating foot self-care behavior in diabetic patients.
本文评估了一种用于评估糖尿病患者足部自我护理的工具的信度和结构效度。对糖尿病患者进行足部护理教育是避免截肢和溃疡等并发症的一个主要问题。因此需要有专门的工具来评估患者在这方面的知识。该研究分为两个阶段：在第一阶段，通过文献综述、德尔菲技术专家评审以及对糖尿病患者进行认知访谈以测试可读性和理解性来生成条目。在第二阶段，糖尿病患者参与了一项横断面研究，对I型和II型糖尿病患者样本进行了心理测量学评估（信度和结构效度）。该研究于2012年10月至2013年3月在西班牙马拉加大学、足病诊所和糖尿病足病科进行。在对209名糖尿病患者样本进行心理测量学测试分析后，问卷最终确定为16个问题。由于4个条目的信度较低将其删除后，克朗巴哈系数为0.89。条目间相关性的平均值为0.34（范围：0.06 - 0.74）。旋转后的结果显示出一个三因素结构（自我护理、足部护理以及鞋类和袜子），这三个因素共同解释了所观察到的60.88%的方差。问卷得分与糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）之间的相关性显著且呈负相关（r = -0.15；p < 0.01）。研究结果表明，该问卷是评估糖尿病患者足部自我护理行为的有效且可靠的工具。
