Thorkildsen Kjersti
Department of International Environment and Development Studies, Noragric, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway.
Hum Ecol Interdiscip J. 2014;42(6):913-927. doi: 10.1007/s10745-014-9691-3.
Through a combined adaptive cycle and political ecology approach, this article explores how the Afro-Brazilian of Bombas, living inside the protected area of PETAR, respond to and shape social-ecological changes in the Atlantic Forest. Field data reveal that both environmental restrictions and social policies of state transfer payments and food packages have contributed to decreased engagement in agricultural practices, loss of traditional knowledge, and reduced agro-biodiversity. The claim to land rights based on a identity and recent negotiations with forest authorities insinuate a shift of this trend. Contrary to dominant conservation narratives, the findings indicate that small-scale shifting cultivation practices by the have the potential to increase structural ecological complexity of the Atlantic Forest. The article therefore argues that legalization of settlement and subsistence activities is important not only for livelihood security and social cohesion of Bombas inhabitants, but also possibly for biodiversity conservation.
通过结合适应性循环和政治生态学方法，本文探讨了生活在PETAR保护区内的邦巴斯非裔巴西人如何应对并塑造大西洋森林中的社会生态变化。实地数据表明，环境限制以及国家转移支付和食品包等社会政策导致了农业活动参与度下降、传统知识流失和农业生物多样性减少。基于身份认同的土地权利主张以及近期与森林管理部门的谈判暗示了这种趋势的转变。与占主导地位的保护叙事相反，研究结果表明，邦巴斯人的小规模轮垦做法有可能增加大西洋森林的结构生态复杂性。因此，本文认为，定居和自给活动的合法化不仅对邦巴斯居民的生计安全和社会凝聚力很重要，而且可能对生物多样性保护也很重要。
