Allison Ron R
Future Oncol. 2014 Dec;10(15):2359-79. doi: 10.2217/fon.14.174.
Radiation therapy can successfully ablate tumors. However, the same ionization process that destroys a cancer can also permanently damage surrounding organs resulting in unwanted clinical morbidity. Therefore, modern radiation therapy attempts to minimize dose to normal tissue to prevent side effects. Still, as tumors and normal tissues intercalate, the risk of normal tissue injury often may prevent tumoricidal doses of radiation therapy to be delivered. This paper will review current outcomes and limitations of radiobiological modifiers that may selectively enhance the radiosensitivity of tumors as well as parallel techniques that may protect normal tissues from radiation injury. Future endeavors based in part upon newly elucidated genetic pathways will be highlighted.
放射治疗能够成功消融肿瘤。然而，破坏癌症的相同电离过程也可能会永久性损伤周围器官，导致不良的临床发病率。因此，现代放射治疗试图将对正常组织的剂量降至最低以预防副作用。尽管如此，由于肿瘤和正常组织相互交错，正常组织损伤的风险往往可能会阻止给予肿瘤致死剂量的放射治疗。本文将综述放射生物学修饰剂的当前疗效和局限性，这些修饰剂可能会选择性地增强肿瘤的放射敏感性，以及可能保护正常组织免受辐射损伤的并行技术。将重点介绍部分基于新阐明的遗传途径的未来研究方向。
