Farrow Tom F D, Burgess Jenny, Wilkinson Iain D, Hunter Michael D
SCANLab (Sheffield Cognition and Neuroimaging Laboratory), Academic Clinical Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, The Longley Centre, Northern General Hospital, Norwood Grange Drive, Sheffield S5 7JT, UK.
Academic Unit of Radiology, University of Sheffield, C-Floor, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK.
Neuropsychologia. 2015 Jan;67:159-74. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.12.016. Epub 2014 Dec 17.
Self-deception and impression-management comprise two types of deceptive, but generally socially acceptable behaviours, which are common in everyday life as well as being present in a number of psychiatric disorders. We sought to establish and dissociate the 'normal' brain substrates of self-deception and impression-management. Twenty healthy participants underwent fMRI scanning at 3T whilst completing the 'Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding' test under two conditions: 'fake good', giving the most desirable impression possible and 'fake bad' giving an undesirable impression. Impression-management scores were more malleable to manipulation via 'faking' than self-deception scores. Response times to self-deception questions and 'fake bad' instructions were significantly longer than to impression-management questions and 'fake good' instructions respectively. Self-deception and impression-management manipulation and 'faking bad' were associated with activation of medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC). Impression-management manipulation was additionally associated with activation of left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left posterior middle temporal gyrus. 'Faking bad' was additionally associated with activation of right vlPFC, left temporo-parietal junction and right cerebellum. There were no supra-threshold activations associated with 'faking good'. Our neuroimaging data suggest that manipulating self-deception and impression-management and more specifically 'faking bad' engages a common network comprising mPFC and left vlPFC. Shorter response times and lack of dissociable neural activations suggests that 'faking good', particularly when it comes to impression-management, may be our most practiced 'default' mode.
自我欺骗和印象管理是两种具有欺骗性但通常在社会上可接受的行为，它们在日常生活中很常见，也存在于多种精神疾病中。我们试图确定并区分自我欺骗和印象管理的“正常”脑基质。20名健康参与者在3T条件下接受功能磁共振成像扫描，同时在两种情况下完成“期望反应平衡量表”测试：“假装良好”，尽可能给出最理想的印象；“假装糟糕”，给出不理想的印象。与自我欺骗得分相比，印象管理得分通过“假装”更易于操控。对自我欺骗问题和“假装糟糕”指令的反应时间分别显著长于对印象管理问题和“假装良好”指令的反应时间。自我欺骗和印象管理操控以及“假装糟糕”与内侧前额叶皮质（mPFC）和左侧腹外侧前额叶皮质（vlPFC）的激活有关。印象管理操控还与左侧背外侧前额叶皮质和左侧颞中后回的激活有关。“假装糟糕”还与右侧vlPFC、左侧颞顶交界区和右侧小脑的激活有关。与“假装良好”相关的没有超阈值激活。我们的神经影像学数据表明，操控自我欺骗和印象管理，更具体地说是“假装糟糕”，会激活一个由mPFC和左侧vlPFC组成的共同网络。较短的反应时间和缺乏可分离的神经激活表明，“假装良好”，尤其是在印象管理方面，可能是我们最常采用的“默认”模式。
