Hu Yang, Liao Fei, Hu Yanchun, Luo Biao, He Yajun, Mo Quan, Zuo Zhicai, Ren Zhihua, Deng Junliang, Wei Yahui
Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary, Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Ya an, 625014, China.
Qiandongnan Prefectural Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention of Guizhou province, Kaili, 556000, China.
BMC Vet Res. 2014 Dec 20;10:970. doi: 10.1186/s12917-014-0306-4.
Animal acariasis is one of the important veterinary skin diseases. Chemical drugs have been widely used to treat and control this kind of disease. But many chemicals control could increase resistance in target species, toxicity and environmental hazards. We found that the 9-oxo-10, 11-dehydroageraphorone (euptox A) extracted from E. adenophorum has strong toxicity against P. cuniculi in vitro, but the in vivo acaricidal actions of euptox A have yet to be investigated.
A 14-day experiment was performed using rabbits that were naturally infested with P. cuniculi on a farm. Rabbits were randomly divided into five groups; animals in groups A, B and C were treated in each ear topically with 4.0 ml of 2.0 and 1.0 g/L (w/v) euptox A, respectively. Animals in groups D and E were treated with ivermectin (by injection; positive controls) and glycerol with water only (by embrocation; negative controls), respectively. Each rabbit was treated twice with separate treatments on days 0 and 7. Rabbits were observed daily and detailed examinations were performed on days 0, 7 and 14, to inspect the presence or absence of mites and scabs/crusts. Seven days after the initial treatment, the mean clinical scores (presence of scabs/crusts) decreased from 3.48, 3.37, 3.43 and 3.45 to 0.37, 0.42, 0.78 and 0.38 in the ears of animals in groups A, B , C and D, respectively, which were similar to the observations recorded in the positive control rabbits. However, the clinical score for negative control rabbits did not increase significantly (P > 0.05) during the experiment, and this changed from 3.32 to 3.37 in the ears, and there were no significant differences in clinical efficacy between left and right ears. After two treatments (0 and 7 d), the rabbits in groups A, B, C and D had recovered completely 14 days after the last treatment and no recurrences of infection were observed.
These results indicate that euptox A was potent compounds for the effective control of animal P. cuniculi in vivo.
动物螨病是重要的兽医皮肤疾病之一。化学药物已被广泛用于治疗和控制此类疾病。但许多化学药物防治方法可能会增加目标物种的抗药性、毒性及环境危害。我们发现从紫茎泽兰中提取的9-氧代-10,11-脱氢紫铆因（紫铆毒素A）在体外对兔痒螨具有很强的毒性，但紫铆毒素A的体内杀螨作用尚待研究。
在一个农场中，对自然感染兔痒螨的兔子进行了为期14天的实验。兔子被随机分为五组；A、B和C组动物分别在每只耳朵局部涂抹4.0毫升2.0克/升和1.0克/升（重量/体积）的紫铆毒素A。D组和E组动物分别用伊维菌素（注射；阳性对照）和仅用水与甘油（涂擦；阴性对照）进行处理。每只兔子在第0天和第7天各接受两次单独处理。每天观察兔子，并在第0、7和14天进行详细检查，以检查是否存在螨虫和结痂/硬皮。初次治疗7天后，A、B、C和D组动物耳朵的平均临床评分（结痂/硬皮情况）分别从3.48、3.37、3.43和3.45降至0.37、0.42、0.78和0.38，这与阳性对照兔子的观察结果相似。然而，阴性对照兔子的临床评分在实验期间没有显著增加（P>0.05），耳朵的评分从3.32变为3.37，左右耳的临床疗效没有显著差异。经过两次处理（第0天和第7天）后，A、B、C和D组的兔子在最后一次处理14天后完全康复，未观察到感染复发。
这些结果表明紫铆毒素A是体内有效控制动物兔痒螨的有效化合物。
