Elhawary N M, Sorour Sh S G H, El-Abasy M A, Bazh E K, Sultan K
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Pol J Vet Sci. 2017 Sep 26;20(3):521-525. doi: 10.1515/pjvs-2017-0063.
The ear mite "Psoroptes cuniculi" is the main cause of ear mange, a highly contagious parasitic skin disease in rabbits all over the world. In the current work, a preliminary therapeutic trial to study the effect of the broad use acaricides doramectin and ivermectin on P. cuniculi was performed on artificially infested rabbits. Twenty five adult New Zealand white rabbits were used in this study. The rabbits were assigned randomly into five groups/ 5 rabbits in each group. Each rabbit was experimentally infested with 100 mites/ ear. The first group was designated the positive control group and was not treated. The second and third groups were treated with doramectin 200 and 400 μg/kg bw, respectively. Groups 4 and 5 were treated by dressing with ivermectin in one dose and 2 doses with a 1 week interval. After the therapy, all rabbits were examined microscopically on the 7th, 14th, and 28th day post treatment and the number of live mites (larvae, nymphs, and adults) on each rabbit was counted at the end of the experiment (28th day). The results showed that the rabbits treated subcutaneously with doramectin at a single dose of 200 μg /kg bw showed a very low effect, although there was significant improvement when the dose was doubled to 400 μg /kg bw, with the number of mites counted decreasing significantly. Rabbits treated topically with ivermectin spot-on, a single dose or 2 doses, showed great improvement of the lesion: the number of mites was reduced to zero. In conclusion, this work showed that ivermectin spot-on applied locally on infested ears proves to be more effective against P. cuniculi than doramectin injected subcutaneously. Further trials on ear mange therapeutics in rabbits are to be encouraged.
耳螨“兔痒螨”是兔耳疥癣的主要病因，兔耳疥癣是一种在全球范围内家兔中具有高度传染性的寄生虫性皮肤病。在当前这项工作中，对人工感染耳螨的家兔进行了一项初步治疗试验，以研究广泛使用的杀螨剂多拉菌素和伊维菌素对兔痒螨的作用。本研究使用了25只成年新西兰白兔。这些兔子被随机分为五组，每组5只。每只兔子每只耳朵被实验性接种100只螨。第一组被指定为阳性对照组，不进行治疗。第二组和第三组分别用200和400μg/kg体重的多拉菌素进行治疗。第四组和第五组分别用一剂和两剂伊维菌素进行局部涂抹治疗，间隔1周。治疗后，在治疗后的第7天、第14天和第28天对所有兔子进行显微镜检查，并在实验结束时（第28天）统计每只兔子身上活螨（幼虫、若虫和成虫）的数量。结果表明，皮下注射单剂量200μg/kg体重多拉菌素的兔子效果非常低，尽管剂量加倍至400μg/kg体重时病情有显著改善，螨的数量显著减少。用伊维菌素滴剂进行局部单剂量或两剂量治疗的兔子病变有很大改善：螨的数量减少至零。总之，这项工作表明，局部应用于感染耳朵的伊维菌素滴剂对兔痒螨的效果比皮下注射多拉菌素更有效。鼓励对家兔耳疥癣治疗进行进一步试验。
