Gardner Brett O, Boccaccini Marcus T, Bitting Brian S, Edens John F
Department of Psychology.
Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University.
Psychol Assess. 2015 Jun;27(2):534-44. doi: 10.1037/pas0000065. Epub 2014 Dec 22.
More than 30 studies have examined the ability of scores on the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI; Morey, 1991, 2007) to predict violence or misconduct. The Antisocial Features (ANT), Aggression (AGG), and Violence Potential Index (VPI) Scales of the PAI, in particular, have received substantial attention as predictors of institutional infractions and criminal recidivism. The current study used meta-analysis to provide a comprehensive review of the ability of scores on these and other PAI scales to predict misbehavior. Scores on the ANT (d = .26 to .39) and AGG (d = .23 to .40) scales consistently emerged as small to moderate predictors of misbehavior. Effects tended to be larger in correctional than treatment settings (e.g., ANT d = .44 vs. .20), for institutional misconduct than recidivism (e.g., AGG d = .37 vs. .23), and for institutional misconduct studies with follow up periods of at least 1.5 years (e.g., ANT d = .46). Overall, findings provide support for the predictive validity of multiple PAI scales.
超过30项研究考察了人格评估量表（PAI；莫雷，1991年，2007年）得分预测暴力或不当行为的能力。PAI的反社会特征（ANT）、攻击性（AGG）和暴力潜能指数（VPI）量表，尤其作为机构违规和犯罪再犯的预测指标受到了广泛关注。当前的研究采用元分析方法，对这些以及PAI其他量表得分预测不当行为的能力进行了全面综述。ANT量表（d = 0.26至0.39）和AGG量表（d = 0.23至0.40）的得分始终是不当行为的小到中等程度的预测指标。在惩教环境中的效应往往比治疗环境中的更大（例如，ANT量表d = 0.44对0.20），对机构不当行为的预测比对再犯的预测更大（例如，AGG量表d = 0.37对0.23），对于随访期至少为1.5年的机构不当行为研究也是如此（例如，ANT量表d = 0.46）。总体而言，研究结果支持了多个PAI量表的预测效度。
