Department of Family Medicine, University Titu Maiorescu, Bucharest, Romania.
Research and Advice on Elderly, Spaubeek, The Netherlands.
J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2015 Jan;16(1):86.e9-86.e12. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2014.10.015.
The objective of this study was to study the feasibility of a recently developed instrument, LPZ-International, which assesses care problems in health care, and to describe the prevalence of care problems in Romanian health care institutions. Large differences exist in care services in Europe. Data on quality of care are absent or incomplete in Central-Eastern European countries. These countries, including Romania, have faced dramatic socioeconomic changes, which led to negative changes in quality of care.
Cross-sectional study.
Hospital wards, mental care institutions, and nursing homes.
Nine health care institutions and admitted 394 patients.
LPZ-International was introduced in 9 health care institutions in Romania. Assessed care problems included pressure ulcers, urinary and fecal incontinence, malnutrition, falls, and physical restraints. The data were collected between November 2013 and March 2014. Two health care professionals completed the questionnaire by hand at the patient's site.
Six of the 9 health care institutions and 90% of the patients participated, which indicates the feasibility of LPZ-International, as did the completeness of the questionnaire. The data showed a high consistency and only a few were missing. The most frequent care problem was urinary and fecal incontinence, especially in the nursing home. Pressure ulcers and malnutrition were less frequent care problems in Romanian patients. Physical restraints were frequently applied in the nursing home and geriatrics and oncology wards.
LPZ-International is a feasible instrument to assess care problems. The differences between wards and countries in the prevalence of care problems indicate differences in quality of care and the need for high-quality, comparative research.
本研究旨在研究一种新开发的工具 LPZ-International 的可行性，该工具用于评估医疗保健中的护理问题，并描述罗马尼亚医疗机构中护理问题的流行情况。欧洲的护理服务存在很大差异。中东欧国家缺乏或不完整的护理质量数据。这些国家，包括罗马尼亚，都面临着巨大的社会经济变革，导致护理质量的负面变化。
横断面研究。
医院病房、精神保健机构和养老院。
9 家医疗机构，共收治 394 名患者。
LPZ-International 在罗马尼亚的 9 家医疗机构中引入。评估的护理问题包括压疮、尿失禁和粪便失禁、营养不良、跌倒和身体约束。数据收集于 2013 年 11 月至 2014 年 3 月之间。两名医疗保健专业人员在患者所在地通过手工填写问卷。
9 家医疗机构中的 6 家及其 90%的患者参与了该研究，这表明 LPZ-International 是可行的，问卷的完整性也是如此。数据显示出高度的一致性，只有少数数据缺失。最常见的护理问题是尿失禁和粪便失禁，尤其是在养老院。压疮和营养不良是罗马尼亚患者较少发生的护理问题。身体约束在养老院和老年病科及肿瘤科病房中经常使用。
LPZ-International 是评估护理问题的一种可行工具。病房和国家之间在护理问题的流行程度上的差异表明了护理质量的差异，需要进行高质量、比较性的研究。
