Araújo Susana, Faísca Luís, Bramão Inês, Reis Alexandra, Petersson Karl Magnus
Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Psychology, & Centre for Molecular and Structural Biomedicine, CBME/IBB, Portugal; Faculty of Psychology & Center for Psychological Research, University of Lisbon, Portugal.
Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Psychology, & Centre for Molecular and Structural Biomedicine, CBME/IBB, Portugal.
Brain Lang. 2015 Feb;141:16-27. doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2014.11.007. Epub 2014 Dec 16.
This ERP study investigated the cognitive nature of the P1-N1 components during orthographic processing. We used an implicit reading task with various types of stimuli involving different amounts of sublexical or lexical orthographic processing (words, pseudohomophones, pseudowords, nonwords, and symbols), and tested average and dyslexic readers. An orthographic regularity effect (pseudowords-nonwords contrast) was observed in the average but not in the dyslexic group. This suggests an early sensitivity to the dependencies among letters in word-forms that reflect orthographic structure, while the dyslexic brain apparently fails to be appropriately sensitive to these complex features. Moreover, in the adults the N1-response may already reflect lexical access: (i) the N1 was sensitive to the familiar vs. less familiar orthographic sequence contrast; (ii) and early effects of the phonological form (words-pseudohomophones contrast) were also found. Finally, the later N320 component was attenuated in the dyslexics, suggesting suboptimal processing in later stages of phonological analysis.
这项事件相关电位（ERP）研究调查了正字法加工过程中P1-N1成分的认知本质。我们使用了一项内隐阅读任务，该任务包含各种类型的刺激，涉及不同程度的次词汇或词汇正字法加工（单词、假同音字、假词、非词和符号），并对普通读者和阅读障碍读者进行了测试。在普通读者组中观察到了正字法规则效应（假词-非词对比），而在阅读障碍组中未观察到。这表明对反映正字法结构的单词形式中字母之间的依存关系具有早期敏感性，而阅读障碍者的大脑显然未能对这些复杂特征产生适当的敏感性。此外，在成年人中，N1反应可能已经反映了词汇通达：（i）N1对熟悉与不太熟悉的正字法序列对比敏感；（ii）还发现了语音形式的早期效应（单词-假同音字对比）。最后，阅读障碍者的后期N320成分减弱，表明在语音分析的后期阶段加工欠佳。
