Amora Kathleen Kay, Tretow Ariane, Verwimp Cara, Tijms Jurgen, Leppänen Paavo H T, Csépe Valéria
Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
Faculty of Modern Philology and Social Sciences, Multilingualism Doctoral School, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary.
Front Neurosci. 2022 Jun 30;16:898800. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.898800. eCollection 2022.
The visual word N1 (N170w) is an early brain ERP component that has been found to be a neurophysiological marker for print expertise, which is a prelexical requirement associated with reading development. To date, no other review has assimilated existing research on reading difficulties and atypical development of processes reflected in the N170w response. Hence, this systematic review synthesized results and evaluated neurophysiological and experimental procedures across different studies about visual print expertise in reading development. Literature databases were examined for relevant studies from 1995 to 2020 investigating the N170w response in individuals with or without reading disorders. To capture the development of the N170w related to reading, results were compared between three different age groups: pre-literate children, school-aged children, and young adults. The majority of available N170w studies ( = 69) investigated adults ( = 31) followed by children (school-aged: = 21; pre-literate: = 4) and adolescents ( = 1) while some studies investigated a combination of these age groups ( = 12). Most studies were conducted with German-speaking populations ( = 17), followed by English ( = 15) and Chinese ( = 14) speaking participants. The N170w was primarily investigated using a combination of words, pseudowords, and symbols ( = 20) and mostly used repetition-detection ( = 16) or lexical-decision tasks ( = 16). Different studies posed huge variability in selecting electrode sites for analysis; however, most focused on P7, P8, and O1 sites of the international 10-20 system. Most of the studies in adults have found a more negative N170w in controls than poor readers, whereas in children, the results have been mixed. In typical readers, N170w ranged from having a bilateral distribution to a left-hemispheric dominance throughout development, whereas in young, poor readers, the response was mainly right-lateralized and then remained in a bilateral distribution. Moreover, the N170w latency has varied according to age group, with adults having an earlier onset yet with shorter latency than school-aged and pre-literate children. This systematic review provides a comprehensive picture of the development of print expertise as indexed by the N170w across age groups and reading abilities and discusses theoretical and methodological differences and challenges in the field, aiming to guide future research.
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021228444.
视觉词N1（N170w）是一种早期大脑事件相关电位成分，已被发现是印刷专业技能的神经生理标志物，而印刷专业技能是与阅读发展相关的一种词前要求。迄今为止，尚无其他综述整合了关于阅读困难以及N170w反应所反映的过程的非典型发展的现有研究。因此，本系统综述综合了各项研究结果，并评估了不同研究中关于阅读发展中视觉印刷专业技能的神经生理和实验程序。对文献数据库进行了检索，以查找1995年至2020年期间有关调查有或无阅读障碍个体的N170w反应的相关研究。为了了解与阅读相关的N170w的发展情况，对三个不同年龄组进行了结果比较：学前儿童、学龄儿童和年轻人。大多数现有的N170w研究（n = 69）调查了成年人（n = 31），其次是儿童（学龄儿童：n = 21；学前儿童：n = 4）和青少年（n = 1），而一些研究调查了这些年龄组的组合（n = 12）。大多数研究是针对说德语的人群进行的（n = 17），其次是说英语的人群（n = 15）和说中文的人群（n = 14）。N170w主要通过单词、假词和符号的组合进行研究（n = 20），并且大多使用重复检测任务（n = 16）或词汇判断任务（n = 16）。不同研究在选择用于分析的电极部位方面存在很大差异；然而，大多数研究集中在国际10 - 20系统的P7、P8和O1部位。大多数针对成年人的研究发现，与阅读能力差的人相比，对照组的N170w更负，而在儿童中，结果则不一。在典型读者中，N170w在整个发展过程中从双侧分布到左半球优势，而在年轻的阅读能力差的读者中，反应主要是右侧化，然后保持双侧分布。此外，N170w潜伏期因年龄组而异，成年人的起始时间较早，但潜伏期比学龄儿童和学前儿童短。本系统综述全面呈现了以N170w为指标的各年龄组和阅读能力的印刷专业技能发展情况，并讨论了该领域的理论和方法差异及挑战，旨在为未来研究提供指导。
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021228444 。
