Vanlaar Ward, McAteer Heather, Brown Steve, Crain Jennifer, McFaull Steven, Hing Marisela Mainegra
Traffic Injury Research Foundation, 171 Nepean Street, Ottawa, ON K2P 0B4, Canada.
Traffic Injury Research Foundation, 171 Nepean Street, Ottawa, ON K2P 0B4, Canada.
Accid Anal Prev. 2015 Feb;75:264-71. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2014.12.006. Epub 2014 Dec 18.
Off-road vehicles (ORVs; this includes snowmobiles, all-terrain vehicles or ATVs and dirt bikes) were once used primarily for work and travel. Such use remains common in Canada, although their recreational use has also gained popularity in recent years. An epidemiological injury profile of ORV users is important for better understanding injuries and their risk factors to help inform injury prevention initiatives. The Traffic Injury Research Foundation (TIRF) partnered with the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) to analyze the epidemiology of ORV-related injuries. The primary aim was to assess crashes and injuries in Canada, including the extent of alcohol involvement. Secondly, the burden of injury among children and teen ORV drivers in Canada, as well as passengers, was investigated. Descriptive and inferential epidemiological statistics were generated using the following data sources: first, TIRF's National Fatality Database, which is a comprehensive, pan-Canadian, set of core data on all fatal motor vehicle crashes; second, TIRF's Serious Injury Database, which contains information on persons seriously injured in crashes; and, third, PHAC's Canadian Hospitals Injury Reporting and Prevention Program (CHIRPP), a surveillance system currently operating in the emergency departments of some pediatric and general hospitals across Canada. Exposure data have been used in the analyzes where available. Between 1990 and 2010, fatality rates increased among ATV and dirt bike operators. The fatality rate among snowmobilers declined during this period. Of particular concern, among fatally injured female ATV users, children aged 0-15 years comprised the highest proportion of any age group at 33.8%. Regarding alcohol use, among fatally injured snowmobile and ATV/dirt bike operators tested for alcohol, 66% and 55% tested positive, respectively. Alcohol involvement in adult ORV crashes remains an important factor. In light of the growing popularity of ORVs, prevention and mitigation measures are required to address this issue.
越野车辆（ORV；这包括雪地摩托、全地形车或ATV以及越野摩托车）曾经主要用于工作和出行。这种用途在加拿大仍然很常见，尽管近年来其娱乐用途也越来越受欢迎。了解ORV使用者的流行病学损伤概况对于更好地理解损伤及其风险因素、为预防损伤举措提供信息很重要。交通伤害研究基金会（TIRF）与加拿大公共卫生署（PHAC）合作，分析与ORV相关损伤的流行病学情况。主要目的是评估加拿大的撞车事故和损伤情况，包括酒精涉入的程度。其次，调查了加拿大儿童和青少年ORV驾驶者以及乘客的损伤负担。使用以下数据源生成描述性和推断性流行病学统计数据：第一，TIRF的全国死亡数据库，这是一个全面的、覆盖加拿大全国的关于所有致命机动车撞车事故的核心数据集；第二，TIRF的重伤数据库，其中包含撞车事故中重伤人员的信息；第三，PHAC的加拿大医院伤害报告与预防项目（CHIRPP），这是一个目前在加拿大一些儿科和综合医院急诊科运行的监测系统。分析中在可行的情况下使用了暴露数据。1990年至2010年间，ATV和越野摩托车驾驶者的死亡率上升。在此期间，雪地摩托驾驶者的死亡率下降。特别值得关注的是，在因伤致死的女性ATV使用者中，0至15岁儿童在所有年龄组中所占比例最高，为33.8%。关于酒精使用，在对酒精进行检测的因伤致死的雪地摩托和ATV/越野摩托车驾驶者中，分别有66%和55%检测呈阳性。酒精涉入成人ORV撞车事故仍然是一个重要因素。鉴于ORV越来越受欢迎，需要采取预防和缓解措施来解决这个问题。
