基于第二代双源 CT（DECT）的噪声优化虚拟单能量图像和碘图对静脉血栓的检测：一项离体模型研究。
Noise-optimized virtual monoenergetic images and iodine maps for the detection of venous thrombosis in second-generation dual-energy CT (DECT): an ex vivo phantom study.
机构信息
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
出版信息
Eur Radiol. 2015 Jun;25(6):1655-64. doi: 10.1007/s00330-014-3544-8. Epub 2014 Dec 21.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) can be difficult to detect using CT due to poor and heterogeneous contrast. Dual-energy CT (DECT) allows iodine contrast optimization using noise-optimized monoenergetic extrapolations (MEIs) and iodine maps (IMs). Our aim was to assess whether MEI and IM could improve the delineation of thrombotic material within iodine-enhanced blood compared to single-energy CT (SECT).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Six vessel phantoms, including human thrombus and contrast media-enhanced blood and one phantom without contrast, were placed in an attenuation phantom and scanned with DECT 100/140 kV and SECT 120 kV. IM, virtual non-contrast images (VNC), mixed images, and MEI were calculated. Attenuation of thrombi and blood were measured. Contrast and contrast-to-noise-ratios (CNRs) were calculated and compared among IM, VNC, mixed images, MEI, and SECT using paired t tests.
RESULTS
MEI40keV and IM showed significantly higher contrast and CNR than SE120kV from high to intermediate iodine concentrations (contrast:pMEI40keV < 0.002,pIM < 0.005;CNR:pMEI40keV < 0.002,pIM < 0.004). At low iodine concentrations, MEI190keV and VNC images showed significantly higher contrast and CNR than SE120kV with inverted contrasts (contrast:pMEI190keV < 0.008,pVNC < 0.002;CNR:pMEI190keV < 0.003,pVNC < 0.002).
CONCLUSIONS
Noise-optimized MEI and IM provide significantly higher contrast and CNR in the delineation of thrombosis compared to SECT, which may facilitate the detection of DVT in difficult cases.
KEY POINTS
• Poor contrast makes it difficult to detect thrombosis in CT. • Dual-energy-CT allows contrast optimization using monoenergetic extrapolations (MEI) and iodine maps (IM). • Noise-optimized-MEI and IM are significantly superior to single-energy-CT in delineation of thrombosis. • Noise-optimized-MEI and IM may facilitate the detection of deep vein thrombosis.
目的和目标
由于对比度差且不均匀，使用 CT 检测深静脉血栓（DVT）可能较为困难。双能 CT（DECT）允许使用噪声优化的单能量外推（MEI）和碘图（IM）优化碘对比。我们的目的是评估 MEI 和 IM 是否可以改善与单能 CT（SECT）相比碘增强血液中血栓物质的描绘。
材料和方法
将包括人血栓和对比剂增强血液的六个血管体模以及一个没有对比剂的体模放置在衰减体模中，并使用 DECT 100/140 kV 和 SECT 120 kV 进行扫描。计算了 IM、虚拟非对比图像（VNC）、混合图像和 MEI。测量了血栓和血液的衰减。使用配对 t 检验比较 IM、VNC、混合图像、MEI 和 SECT 之间的对比度和对比噪声比（CNR）。
结果
MEI40keV 和 IM 显示在高到中等碘浓度范围内的对比度和 CNR 明显高于 SE120kV（对比度：pMEI40keV<0.002，pIM<0.005；CNR：pMEI40keV<0.002，pIM<0.004）。在低碘浓度下，MEI190keV 和 VNC 图像的对比度和 CNR 明显高于 SE120kV，对比度相反（对比度：pMEI190keV<0.008，pVNC<0.002；CNR：pMEI190keV<0.003，pVNC<0.002）。
结论
与 SECT 相比，噪声优化的 MEI 和 IM 在血栓描绘中提供了明显更高的对比度和 CNR，这可能有助于在困难情况下检测 DVT。
关键点
CT 检测血栓时对比度差，难度较大。
双能 CT 允许使用单能量外推（MEI）和碘图（IM）优化对比度。
噪声优化的 MEI 和 IM 在血栓描绘方面明显优于单能 CT。
噪声优化的 MEI 和 IM 可能有助于 DVT 的检测。
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