Zwartouw H T, Humphreys C R, Collins P
Chemical Defence Establishment, Porton Down, Salisbury, U.K.
Antiviral Res. 1989 Jun-Jul;11(5-6):275-83. doi: 10.1016/0166-3542(89)90037-5.
Acyclovir and ganciclovir, which were only about 10-fold less effective against B virus than herpes simplex virus type 1 in VERO cells, were tested in vivo in B virus-infected rabbits. Untreated control rabbits became paralysed from 8 days and died from 10 days. Oral acyclovir at a dose rate of 500 mg/kg/day for 21 days prevented death; acyclovir prevented disease at 700 mg/kg/day. In B virus-infected humans such a high dose of acyclovir could not be given by mouth. Nevertheless, high dose oral acyclovir is suggested for immediate prophylaxis when monkey handlers have been exposed to potentially fatal B virus infection. Should signs or symptoms of disease occur then high dose intravenous acyclovir has been recommended. Since ganciclovir was found to be more effective than acyclovir, intravenous ganciclovir might be preferred for the treatment of established infection.
阿昔洛韦和更昔洛韦在非洲绿猴肾细胞中对B病毒的效力仅比对1型单纯疱疹病毒低约10倍，它们在感染B病毒的兔子体内进行了测试。未经治疗的对照兔子从第8天开始瘫痪，从第10天开始死亡。以500毫克/千克/天的剂量率口服阿昔洛韦21天可预防死亡；阿昔洛韦在700毫克/千克/天时可预防疾病。在感染B病毒的人类中，如此高剂量的阿昔洛韦无法口服给药。然而，当猴子饲养员接触到潜在致命的B病毒感染时，建议立即口服高剂量阿昔洛韦进行预防。如果出现疾病的体征或症状，则推荐使用高剂量静脉注射阿昔洛韦。由于发现更昔洛韦比阿昔洛韦更有效，静脉注射更昔洛韦可能更适合用于治疗已确诊的感染。
