Elmore David, Eberle Richard
Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA, USA.
Comp Med. 2008 Feb;58(1):11-21.
Macaques are a particularly valuable nonhuman primate model for a wide variety of biomedical research endeavors. B virus (Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1; BV) is an alpha-herpesvirus that naturally infects conventional populations of macaques. Serious disease due to BV is rare in macaques, but when transmitted to humans, BV has a propensity to invade the central nervous system and has a fatality rate greater than 70% if not treated promptly. The severe consequences of human BV infections led to the inclusion of BV in the original NIH list of target viruses for elimination by development of specific pathogen-free rhesus colonies. In macaques and especially in humans, diagnosis of BV infection is not straightforward. Furthermore, development and maintenance of true BV specific pathogen-free macaque colonies has proven dif cult. In this overview we review the natural history of BV in macaques, summarize what is known about the virus at the molecular level, and relate this information to problems associated with diagnosis of BV infections and development of BV-free macaque colonies.
猕猴是用于多种生物医学研究的特别有价值的非人类灵长类动物模型。B病毒（猕猴疱疹病毒1型；BV）是一种α疱疹病毒，可自然感染普通猕猴群体。BV导致的严重疾病在猕猴中很少见，但当传播给人类时，BV倾向于侵入中枢神经系统，如果不及时治疗，死亡率超过70%。人类BV感染的严重后果导致BV被列入美国国立卫生研究院最初的目标病毒清单，通过培育特定无病原体的恒河猴群体来消除该病毒。在猕猴尤其是人类中，BV感染的诊断并不简单。此外，事实证明，培育和维持真正的BV特定无病原体猕猴群体很困难。在本综述中，我们回顾了BV在猕猴中的自然史，总结了在分子水平上对该病毒的已知情况，并将这些信息与BV感染诊断及无BV猕猴群体培育相关的问题联系起来。
