Seck S M, Agboton G, Gueye N N, Diop J, Seck C M, Lam A
Service ophtalmologie, hôpital principal de Dakar, 1, avenue Nelson-Mandela, BP 3006, Dakar, Sénégal.
Service ophtalmologie, hôpital principal de Dakar, 1, avenue Nelson-Mandela, BP 3006, Dakar, Sénégal.
J Fr Ophtalmol. 2015 Jan;38(1):41-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jfo.2014.06.007. Epub 2014 Dec 16.
In this work, the authors aim to study clinical and epidemiological characteristics of ocular and orbital primary cancers in sub-Saharan African.
This is a retrospective study over a period of 21 years, from 1984 to 2004, including all cases of ocular cancer, histologically proven after surgery of the globe or the orbit. For each patient, we studied the following parameters: age, sex, reason(s) for consultation, the affected eye, and histological result of the operative specimen. These data were collected by studying the departmental surgical registry, patient medical records and the tumor registry of the anatomicopathology laboratory of a tertiary care hospital in sub-Saharan Africa.
We collected data on 111 black patients, among whom 15 cases (13.5%) presented with bilateral involvement, for a total of 126 eyes. The sex ratio was 1.17. Presenting signs showed a predominance of leukocoria (30.2%) followed by proptosis (21.7%) and in third place, protruding conjunctival mass (10.8%). Retinoblastoma was found most frequently, representing 66.6% of the oculo-orbital tumors and 95.45% of the tumors of the globe; followed by epidermoid carcinoma, representing 15.08% of cases. Malignant melanoma was third most common, representing 4.76%, with 83% arising in the anterior uvea and 7% in the choroid. Basal cell carcinoma and rhabdomyosarcoma follow in fourth place. Basal cell carcinoma constituted half (50%) of the eyelid tumors. Rhabdomyosarcoma was the most common orbital tumor in our series (57%). Next were lymphomas with conjunctival localization (2.38%), acute leukemia with orbital localization (1.59%) and rare tumors, palpebral dermatofibrosarcoma (0.79%), an orbital angiosarcoma (0.79%), a glioblastoma of the globe (0.79%) and a malignant solitary fibrous tumor of the orbit (0.79%).
Ocular and orbital primary cancers in blacks remain tumors of the young, equally distributed between the sexes. Retinoblastoma is the most frequent, followed by epidermoid carcinoma. The globe is the preferential localization of these cancers.
在本研究中，作者旨在探讨撒哈拉以南非洲地区眼部和眼眶原发性癌症的临床及流行病学特征。
这是一项为期21年（1984年至2004年）的回顾性研究，纳入所有经眼球或眼眶手术后组织学确诊的眼部癌症病例。对于每位患者，我们研究了以下参数：年龄、性别、就诊原因、患眼以及手术标本的组织学结果。这些数据通过研究撒哈拉以南非洲一家三级护理医院的科室手术登记册、患者病历以及解剖病理学实验室的肿瘤登记册收集。
我们收集了111名黑人患者的数据，其中15例（13.5%）为双侧受累，共计126只眼。男女比例为1.17。主要表现体征中，白瞳症占比最高（30.2%），其次是眼球突出（21.7%），位列第三的是结膜肿物突出（10.8%）。视网膜母细胞瘤最为常见，占眼-眶部肿瘤的66.6%，占眼球肿瘤的95.45%；其次是表皮样癌，占病例的15.08%。恶性黑色素瘤位列第三，占4.76%，其中83%发生于前葡萄膜，7%发生于脉络膜。基底细胞癌和横纹肌肉瘤位列第四。基底细胞癌占眼睑肿瘤的一半（50%）。横纹肌肉瘤是我们研究系列中最常见的眼眶肿瘤（57%）。其次是结膜淋巴瘤（2.38%）、眼眶急性白血病（1.59%）以及罕见肿瘤，睑部皮肤纤维肉瘤（0.79%）、眼眶血管肉瘤（0.79%）、眼球胶质母细胞瘤（0.79%）和眼眶恶性孤立性纤维瘤（0.79%）。
黑人的眼部和眼眶原发性癌症仍是年轻人易患的肿瘤，男女分布均等。视网膜母细胞瘤最为常见，其次是表皮样癌。这些癌症的好发部位是眼球。
