Colmenares C, Stavnezer E
Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Ohio 45267-0524.
Cell. 1989 Oct 20;59(2):293-303. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90291-2.
Quail embryo cells (QECs) are primary cultures of fibroblastoid cells that become myogenic after infection with avian retroviruses expressing the ski oncogene (SKVs). ski also stimulates proliferation of QECs and induces morphological transformation and anchorage-independent growth. Paradoxically, ski-transformed clones picked from soft agar are capable of muscle differentiation. ski-induced differentiation is essentially indistinguishable from that of uninfected myoblasts in culture with regard to muscle-specific gene expression, commitment, and inhibition by growth factors or other oncogenes. However, ski-induced myoblasts have less stringent requirements for growth and differentiation. Uninfected QECs cannot differentiate and do not express an early marker for the myogenic lineage. Clonal analysis indicates that at least 40% of QECs are converted by ski to differentiating myoblasts. The data suggest that ski induces either the capacity for differentiation in an "incompetent" muscle precursor or the determination of nonmyogenic cells to the myogenic lineage.
鹌鹑胚胎细胞（QECs）是成纤维样细胞的原代培养物，在用表达ski癌基因（SKVs）的禽逆转录病毒感染后会发生肌生成。ski还能刺激QECs的增殖，并诱导形态转化和不依赖贴壁的生长。矛盾的是，从软琼脂中挑选出的经ski转化的克隆能够进行肌肉分化。就肌肉特异性基因表达、定向分化以及生长因子或其他癌基因的抑制作用而言，ski诱导的分化与未感染的成肌细胞在培养中的分化基本无法区分。然而，ski诱导的成肌细胞对生长和分化的要求没那么严格。未感染的QECs无法分化，也不表达成肌谱系的早期标志物。克隆分析表明，至少40%的QECs被ski转化为可分化的成肌细胞。数据表明，ski要么诱导“无能力的”肌肉前体细胞具备分化能力，要么促使非成肌细胞定向分化为成肌谱系。
