Lu Yao, Wang Ruzhu, Liu Yuan, Bai Yuping, Li Xiaoming, Li Jia, Jin Yulan, Shen Fuhai, Jiang Shoufang, Sun Haixia, Yao Sanqiao
Collage of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China.
E-mail:
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2014 Oct;32(10):728-31.
To investigate psychological stress and influence factors on the mine emergency rescue personnel.
564 mine emergency rescue personnel from a rescue group were select as subjects, and 60 designers from a steel design institute were as controls. Self-made questionnaire and general job stress questionnaire were used to investigate the basic information, rescue history, psychosomatic symptoms, depression symptoms, daily job stress and negative emotions of emergency rescue personnel. SPSS17.0 software was used to analysis the psychological stress on the mine rescue personnel and its influence factors.
The detection rate (41.94%) of depression symptoms in rescue team was higher than that of controls (24.90%). The score of daily job stress was higher than that of logistical support. The older age group with higher negative emotional and daily job stress than the younger. The highest negative emotion was in age group of more than 40 years old. The highest score of daily job stress was in ≤30 years old. The score of depression and psychosomatic symptoms were higher than those of the college and the above. The scores of depression in group of duration of rescue <10 years was higher than that of duration≥10 years. The score of daily job stress is the lowest in rescue for 1 to 2 times per year and the highest in group of simulation training once a week. The score of daily job stress and depressive symptoms were getting higher with the extension of combat duty time. Age, hours of combat duty, training times a week, education and life events were the main affecting fectors on mental health of mine rescuers.
Mine rescuers have more psychological stress than generic population. The psychological stress of the mine crew is related to age, education, life events, training and combat readiness duty time.
调查矿山应急救援人员的心理应激及其影响因素。
选取某救援大队564名矿山应急救援人员为研究对象，另选某钢铁设计院60名设计人员作为对照。采用自制问卷和一般工作应激问卷，对应急救援人员的基本情况、救援经历、身心症状、抑郁症状、日常工作应激及负性情绪等进行调查。应用SPSS17.0软件对矿山救援人员的心理应激及其影响因素进行分析。
救援组抑郁症状检出率（41.94%）高于对照组（24.90%）。日常工作应激得分高于后勤保障人员。年龄较大组的负性情绪和日常工作应激高于年龄较小组。40岁以上年龄组负性情绪最高。日常工作应激得分最高的是≤30岁组。初中及以下文化程度组的抑郁和身心症状得分高于大专及以上文化程度组。救援年限<10年组的抑郁得分高于救援年限≥10年组。每年救援1至2次组的日常工作应激得分最低，每周模拟训练1次组的日常工作应激得分最高。随着作战执勤时间延长，日常工作应激和抑郁症状得分升高。年龄、作战执勤时间、每周训练次数、文化程度及生活事件是影响矿山救援人员心理健康的主要因素。
矿山救援人员心理应激高于普通人群。矿山救援人员的心理应激与年龄、文化程度、生活事件、训练及作战执勤时间有关。
