Strunin Lee, Díaz-Martínez L Rosa, Díaz-Martínez Alejandro, Heeren Timothy, Winter Michael, Kuranz Seth, Hernández-Ávila Carlos A, Fernández-Varela Héctor, Solís-Torres Cuauhtémoc
Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Ave., Boston, MA 02118, USA
Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico/National Institute on Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz, Calzada México-Xochimilco no.101, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Delegacion Tlalpan, México, D.F. 14570, México.
Alcohol Alcohol. 2015 Mar;50(2):226-35. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agu092. Epub 2014 Dec 22.
The purpose of this study is to estimate the prevalence of alcohol use and alcohol-related consequences, identify drinking profiles using latent profile analysis (LPA), and investigate associations between profiles and violent victimization among young people in Mexico.
LPA identified profiles of drinking behavior in a survey of entering first year university students. Multinomial and logistic regression examined associations between drinking patterns, socio-demographic variables and violent victimization.
The LPA identified five profiles of behaviors and consequences among the 22,224 current, former and never drinkers: Non/Infrequent-No Consequences, Occasional-Few Consequences, Regular-Some Consequences, Heavy-Many Consequences and Excessive-Many Consequences drinkers. The Occasional-Few Consequences profile comprised the largest, and the Excessive-Many Consequences profile the smallest, group of drinkers. Multinomial regression showed males and older students more likely to be Heavy or Excessive-Many Consequences drinkers. Living alone was associated with higher odds, and higher maternal education with lower odds, of being a Non/Infrequent-No Consequences drinker. Heavier drinking profiles were more likely to experience violent victimization adverse consequences. Logistic regression showed male and female Heavy and Excessive-Many Consequences drinkers had the highest odds, and Non/Infrequent drinkers the lowest odds, of experiencing any victimization.
Findings suggest changes in male and female drinking behavior and a continuation of the established pattern of infrequent but high consumption among Mexican youths. Both male and female Heavy and Excessive-Many Consequences drinkers were at elevated risk for experiencing victimization. Identifying cultural gender norms about drinking including drinker expectations and drinking context that contribute to these patterns can inform prevention efforts.
本研究旨在估计饮酒及与酒精相关后果的患病率，使用潜在类别分析（LPA）确定饮酒模式，并调查墨西哥年轻人中饮酒模式与暴力受害之间的关联。
LPA在一项针对大学一年级新生的调查中确定饮酒行为模式。多项逻辑回归分析研究了饮酒模式、社会人口统计学变量与暴力受害之间的关联。
LPA在22224名当前饮酒者、曾经饮酒者和从不饮酒者中确定了五种行为及后果模式：不饮酒/偶尔饮酒且无后果者、偶尔饮酒且后果较少者、经常饮酒且有一些后果者、重度饮酒且后果较多者以及过度饮酒且后果较多者。偶尔饮酒且后果较少者这一模式的饮酒者群体最大，而过度饮酒且后果较多者这一模式的饮酒者群体最小。多项回归分析表明，男性和年龄较大的学生更有可能成为重度或过度饮酒且后果较多的饮酒者。独居与成为不饮酒/偶尔饮酒且无后果的饮酒者的较高几率相关，而母亲受教育程度较高则与较低几率相关。饮酒量较大的模式更有可能经历暴力受害的不良后果。逻辑回归分析表明，男性和女性中重度及过度饮酒且后果较多的饮酒者遭受任何受害情况的几率最高，而不饮酒/偶尔饮酒者的几率最低。
研究结果表明墨西哥青年男女饮酒行为有所变化，且既定的偶尔但高消费饮酒模式仍在持续。男性和女性中重度及过度饮酒且后果较多的饮酒者遭受受害的风险都较高。识别与饮酒相关的文化性别规范，包括饮酒者期望和饮酒环境等导致这些模式的因素，可为预防工作提供参考。
