Williams Genevieve Kate Roscoe, Irwin Gareth, Kerwin David George, Newell Karl Maxim
a Departmnet of Kinesiology , The Pennsylvania State University , State College , PA , USA.
J Sports Sci. 2015;33(13):1376-87. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2014.990484. Epub 2014 Dec 23.
Biomechanical energetic analysis of technique can be performed to identify limits or constraints to performance outcome at the level of joint work, and to assess the mechanical efficiency of techniques. The aim of this study was to investigate the biomechanical energetic processes during learning the longswing on the high bar. Twelve male, novice participants took part in a training study. Kinematic and kinetics data were collected during swing attempts in eight weekly testing sessions. Inverse dynamics analysis was performed from known zero forces at the toes. Joint work, total energy, and bar energy were calculated. Biomechanical constraints to action, that is, limits to novice performance, were identified as "total work" and "shoulder work". The most biomechanically efficient technique was associated with an onset of the hip functional phase and joint work that occurred between 10-45° before the bottom of the swing. The learning of gross motor skills is realised through the establishment of a set of techniques with task specific biomechanical constraints. Knowledge of the biomechanical constraints to action associated with more effective and efficient techniques will be useful for both assessing learning and establishing effective learning interventions.
可以进行技术的生物力学能量分析，以确定关节运动层面上对运动表现结果的限制或约束，并评估技术的机械效率。本研究的目的是调查在学习高杠大回环过程中的生物力学能量过程。12名男性新手参与者参加了一项训练研究。在为期八周的每周测试环节中，于摆荡尝试期间收集运动学和动力学数据。从已知的脚趾处零力开始进行逆动力学分析。计算关节功、总能量和杠能量。行动的生物力学约束，即新手表现的限制，被确定为“总功”和“肩部功”。生物力学上最有效的技术与髋部功能阶段的开始以及在摆荡最低点前10 - 45°之间发生的关节功有关。粗大运动技能的学习是通过建立一组具有特定任务生物力学约束的技术来实现的。了解与更有效和高效技术相关的行动生物力学约束，将有助于评估学习情况并建立有效的学习干预措施。
