Pandey V K, Singh M P
V.B.S. Purvanchal University Department of Environmental Science Jaunpur India.
University of Allahabad Centre of Biotechnology Allahabad India mpsingh.16@gmail.com.
Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2014 Dec 24;60(5):29-34.
Wheat straw pretreated with chemicals as well as hot water was subjected to degradation by edible mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus. Lignin, cellulose and hemicelluloses component of both chemically as well as hot water treated wheat straw was degraded by the fungus and in turn the edible and nutritious fruiting body of the mushroom was produced. Biodegradation of wheat straw in terms of loss of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose showed positive correlation with cellulases, xylanase, laccase and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity of the fungus. During vegetative growth of the fungus, lignin degradation was faster and during fructification, lignin degradation was slower than cellulose and hemicellulose. The carbon content of the wheat straw decreased while, nitrogen content increased during degradation of the waste. Hot water treated wheat straw supported better production of enzymatic activity and degraded more efficiently than chemically sterilized substrate. The cumulative yield and biological efficiency (BE) of the mushroom was maximum on the hot water treated substrate. Degradation of the hot water treated wheat straw was better and faster than chemically treated substrate.
用化学药剂以及热水预处理过的小麦秸秆，被平菇用于降解。经化学药剂处理和热水处理的小麦秸秆中的木质素、纤维素和半纤维素成分均被该真菌降解，进而产出了可食用且营养丰富的子实体。从小麦秸秆中木质素、纤维素和半纤维素的损失来看，其生物降解与该真菌的纤维素酶、木聚糖酶、漆酶和多酚氧化酶（PPO）活性呈正相关。在真菌的营养生长阶段，木质素降解更快，而在结实阶段，木质素降解比纤维素和半纤维素慢。在废弃物降解过程中，小麦秸秆的碳含量降低，而氮含量增加。热水处理的小麦秸秆比化学灭菌基质更能促进酶活性的产生，且降解效率更高。在热水处理的基质上，平菇的累计产量和生物学效率（BE）最高。热水处理的小麦秸秆比化学处理的基质降解得更好、更快。
