在猪尾猕猴（食蟹猴）模型中，复方口服避孕药会影响黏膜对猿猴-人免疫缺陷病毒（SHIV）的易感性因素。
A combined oral contraceptive affects mucosal SHIV susceptibility factors in a pigtail macaque (Macaca nemestrina) model.
作者信息
Dietz Ostergaard Sharon, Butler Katherine, Ritter Jana M, Johnson Ryan, Sanders Jeanine, Powell Nathaniel, Lathrop George, Zaki Sherif R, McNicholl Janet M, Kersh Ellen N
机构信息
Animal Resources Branch, Division of Scientific Resources, National Center for Emerging Zoonotic and Infectious Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA.
出版信息
J Med Primatol. 2015 Apr;44(2):97-107. doi: 10.1111/jmp.12157. Epub 2014 Dec 23.
BACKGROUND
Injectable hormonal contraception may increase women's risk of HIV acquisition and can affect biological risk factors in animal models of HIV. We established, for the first time, a model to investigate whether combined oral contraceptives (COC) alter SHIV susceptibility in macaques.
METHODS
Seven pigtail macaques were administered a monophasic levonorgestrel (LNG)/ethinyl estradiol (EE) COC at 33% or 66% of the human dose for 60 days. Menstrual cycling, vaginal epithelial thickness, and other SHIV susceptibility factors were monitored for a mean of 18 weeks.
RESULTS
Mean vaginal epithelial thicknesses were 290.8 μm at baseline and 186.2 μm during COC (P = 0.0141, Mann-Whitney U-test). Vaginal pH decreased from 8.5 during treatment to 6.5 post-treatment (0.0176 two-tailed t-test). Measured microflora was unchanged.
CONCLUSIONS
COC caused thinning of the vaginal epithelium and vaginal pH changes, which may increase SHIV susceptibility. 0.033 mg LNG + .0066 mg EE appeared effective in suppressing ovulation.
背景
注射用激素避孕法可能会增加女性感染艾滋病毒的风险，并且会影响艾滋病毒动物模型中的生物学风险因素。我们首次建立了一个模型，以研究复方口服避孕药（COC）是否会改变猕猴对猿猴免疫缺陷病毒/猴免疫缺陷病毒（SHIV）的易感性。
方法
7只猪尾猕猴接受了单相左炔诺孕酮（LNG）/炔雌醇（EE）复方口服避孕药，剂量为人类剂量的33%或66%，持续60天。对月经周期、阴道上皮厚度和其他SHIV易感性因素进行了平均18周的监测。
结果
基线时平均阴道上皮厚度为290.8μm，服用复方口服避孕药期间为186.2μm（曼-惠特尼U检验，P = 0.0141）。阴道pH值从治疗期间的8.5降至治疗后6.5（双侧t检验，P = 0.0176）。检测到的微生物群落没有变化。
结论
复方口服避孕药导致阴道上皮变薄和阴道pH值变化，这可能会增加对SHIV的易感性。0.033mg左炔诺孕酮 + 0.0066mg炔雌醇似乎能有效抑制排卵。
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