Smith G N, Brien J F, Carmichael L, Homan J, Clarke D W, Patrick J
Lawson Research Institute, St. Joseph's Health Center, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
J Dev Physiol. 1989 Mar;11(3):189-97.
The effect of short-term maternal ethanol administration on the ethanol-induced suppression of fetal breathing movements, electrocortical (ECoG) activity, and electroocular (EOG) activity was determined in the near-term fetal sheep. Twelve conscious instrumented pregnant ewes (between 125 and 139 days of gestation; term, 147 days) received 1-h intravenous infusion of 1 g ethanol/kg total body weight daily for six days (n = 6) or an equivalent volume of normal saline daily for six days (n = 6). On the seventh day, the ethanol- and saline-pretreated animals were administered 1 g ethanol/kg total body weight. A further six ewes received 1-h intravenous infusion of 1 g ethanol/kg total body weight (n = 3) or an equivalent volume of normal saline (n = 3) daily for thirteen days with both groups receiving 1 g ethanol/kg total body weight on day fourteen. Fetal ECoG and EOG activities, and fetal breathing movements were monitored continuously over the post- operative and experimental periods. Saline infusion had no significant effect on the parameters studied. Fetal breathing movements were suppressed for 8 h after the first ethanol dose, and were not significantly suppressed after fourteen days of once-daily, maternal ethanol administration. Low-voltage ECoG and EOG activities were suppressed for 3 h after the first ethanol dose, and were not significantly suppressed after seven days of repeated ethanol administration. Maternal and fetal blood gases and acid-base balance were not significantly affected by maternal ethanol administration. These data demonstrate that short-term maternal administration of ethanol results in the development of tolerance to ethanol in the mature fetus.
在接近足月的胎羊中，确定了短期母体给予乙醇对乙醇诱导的胎儿呼吸运动、皮层电图（ECoG）活动和眼电图（EOG）活动抑制的影响。12只装有仪器的清醒怀孕母羊（妊娠125至139天；足月为147天），6只母羊每天接受1小时静脉输注1 g乙醇/千克体重，持续6天（n = 6），另外6只母羊每天接受等量的生理盐水，持续6天（n = 6）。在第7天，对经乙醇和生理盐水预处理的动物给予1 g乙醇/千克体重。另有6只母羊每天接受1小时静脉输注1 g乙醇/千克体重（n = 3）或等量的生理盐水（n = 3），持续13天，两组在第14天均接受1 g乙醇/千克体重。在术后和实验期间持续监测胎儿的ECoG和EOG活动以及胎儿呼吸运动。输注生理盐水对所研究的参数没有显著影响。首次给予乙醇后，胎儿呼吸运动被抑制8小时，而母体每天一次给予乙醇14天后，胎儿呼吸运动没有受到显著抑制。首次给予乙醇后，低电压ECoG和EOG活动被抑制3小时，重复给予乙醇7天后，它们没有受到显著抑制。母体给予乙醇对母体和胎儿的血气及酸碱平衡没有显著影响。这些数据表明，母体短期给予乙醇会导致成熟胎儿对乙醇产生耐受性。
