Johnson Erica R, Carson Tiffany L, Affuso Olivia, Hardy Claudia M, Baskin Monica L
University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1717 11th Ave S, MT 618, Birmingham, AL 35294-4410. E mail:
Prev Chronic Dis. 2014 Dec 24;11:E224. doi: 10.5888/pcd11.140340.
African American women in the Deep South of the United States are disproportionately obese, a condition strongly influenced by their social environment. The objective of this study was to characterize the prevalence of social support from family and friends for healthy eating and exercise in rural communities.
This study is an analysis of a subgroup (N = 195) of overweight and obese African American women from a larger ongoing weight loss trial (N = 409) in rural communities of the Alabama Black Belt and Mississippi Delta. The Social Support and Eating Habits Survey and Social Support and Exercise Survey were used to measure support from family and friends for healthy eating and exercise, respectively. Linear regression was conducted to determine the association between social support factors and body mass index (BMI).
Concurrently prevalent in our sample were encouraging support for healthy eating (family, median,14.0; range, 5.0-25.0; friends, median, 13.0; range 5.0-25.0) and discouraging support for healthy eating (family, median, 12.0; range, 5.0-25.0; friends, median, 11.0; range, 5.0-25.0). Median scores for support for exercise received in the form of participation from family and friends were 24.0 (range 10.0-48.0) and 24.0 (range 10.0-50.0), respectively. The median score for support for exercise in the form of rewards and punishment from family was 3.0 (range, 3.0-11.0). Social support factors were not associated with BMI.
Overweight and obese African American women in the rural Deep South experience minimal social support from family and friends for healthy eating and exercise. Given the evidence that social support promotes healthy behaviors, additional research on ways to increase support from family and friends is warranted.
美国南部腹地的非裔美国女性肥胖比例过高，这种情况受到其社会环境的强烈影响。本研究的目的是描述农村社区中家人和朋友对健康饮食及锻炼的社会支持的普遍程度。
本研究是对来自阿拉巴马黑带地区和密西西比三角洲农村社区一项正在进行的更大规模减肥试验（N = 409）中的超重和肥胖非裔美国女性亚组（N = 195）进行的分析。分别使用社会支持与饮食习惯调查以及社会支持与锻炼调查来衡量家人和朋友对健康饮食和锻炼的支持。进行线性回归以确定社会支持因素与体重指数（BMI）之间的关联。
在我们的样本中，对健康饮食的鼓励性支持（家人，中位数为14.0；范围为5.0 - 25.0；朋友，中位数为13.0；范围为5.0 - 25.0）和对健康饮食的阻碍性支持（家人，中位数为12.0；范围为5.0 - 25.0；朋友，中位数为11.0；范围为5.0 - 25.0）同时存在。家人和朋友以参与形式提供的锻炼支持的中位数得分分别为24.0（范围为10.0 - 48.0）和24.0（范围为10.0 - 50.0）。家人以奖励和惩罚形式提供的锻炼支持的中位数得分为3.0（范围为3.0 - 11.0）。社会支持因素与BMI无关。
美国南部腹地农村地区超重和肥胖的非裔美国女性从家人和朋友那里获得的健康饮食和锻炼方面的社会支持极少。鉴于有证据表明社会支持能促进健康行为，有必要进一步研究增加家人和朋友支持的方法。
